On energy delivery to delay-averse flexible loads: Optimal algorithm, consumer value and network level impacts
On energy delivery to delay-averse flexible loads: Optimal algorithm, consumer value and network level impacts
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关于延迟规避灵活负载的能量输送：最佳算法、消费者价值和网络级影响
DOI：
10.1109/cdc.2012.6425889
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Baldick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahdi Kefayati;R. Baldick
在许多情况下，对电力的需求可以被视为在时间范围内对能量的需求，而不是对功率的瞬时需求（即，能量率）。对能源的需求转化为能源输送的更大灵活性。假设智能电网承诺提供适当的信息，这种灵活性可以用来降低消费者的成本，同时提供其他好处。在本文中，我们提出了一个随机模型的延迟厌恶灵活的需求，实时随机现货价格。在此模型的基础上，我们得到了最优消费策略，并讨论了在不同假设条件下的计算效率。使用这个最佳方案，我们量化了时间灵活性的价值（即，延迟容忍度），即满足消费者需求的预期成本的降低以及成本-延迟的权衡。最后，通过仿真，我们分析了这种机会主义负荷的集体行为及其对电力系统的影响。除了获得计算效率的算法延迟厌恶灵活的负载的最佳行为，我们的模型提供了洞察时间灵活性的价值，并表现出成本延迟权衡。此外，我们表明，在实时定价环境中的需求侧的机会主义可能会导致在总功率配置文件的负载方面的不良影响。
In many cases, demand for electricity can be viewed as demand for energy over a time horizon and not instantaneous demand for power (i.e., energy rate). Demand for energy translates to more flexibility in energy delivery. Assuming availability of proper information, which is promised by smart grids, this flexibility can be utilized to reduce costs for the consumers alongside providing other benefits. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model for delayaverse flexible demands subject to real-time stochastic spot prices. Based on this model, we obtain the optimal consumption policy and discuss its computational efficiency under different assumptions. Using this optimal scheme we quantify the value of time flexibility (i.e., delay tolerance) in terms of the reduction in the expected cost of satisfying consumer demand as well as the cost-delay trade-off. Finally, through simulations, we analyze the collective behavior of such opportunistic loads and their effects on the power system. Beyond obtaining computationally efficient algorithms for optimal behavior of delay-averse flexible loads, our model provides insights into the value of time flexibility and exhibits cost-delay trade-offs. Furthermore, we show that opportunism on the demand side in real-time pricing environments can result in undesired effects in terms of the aggregate power profile of the loads.