Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night
Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night
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DOI：
10.3354/meps12753
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发表时间：
2018-10-26
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Berge, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hobbs, L.;Cottier, F. R.;Berge, J.
通常认为极昼垂直迁移（DVM）在北极高纬度地区的极夜停止，尽管最近的研究表明月球垂直迁移（LVM）和浅层DVM的发生。在这里，我们量化了何时何地全深度（>20米），太阳介导的DVM存在于泛北极规模。我们观察到的散射人口，最有可能是由浮游动物，使用300 kHz的声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCPs）。我们量化了DVM的存在/不存在，并发现DVM在74 ° N以南的所有地点全年持续至少20米。北纬77度以北，DVM在极夜停止一段时间。这种停止的日期准确地与冬至的日期（+/- 2天）对齐。在74和77度N之间，DVM存在/不存在是可变的。然而，在北纬89度采样的声学数据显示，在这一年的任何时候都没有DVM的证据-这是一个新的观察结果。使用ADCPs和卫星海冰浓度数据的海冰存在/不存在的指标，我们发现，海冰覆盖的局部变化直接决定了极夜期间DVM的持续或停止。早期形成和较高浓度的海冰导致DVM的停止，而低浓度或后期形成的海冰导致连续的DVM时，比较类似纬度的迁移。
Diel vertical migration (DVM) has generally been assumed to cease during the polar night in the high Arctic, although recent studies have shown the occurrence of lunar vertical migrations (LVMs) and shallow DVMs. Here, we quantified when and where full-depth (>20 m), solar-mediated DVM exists on a pan-Arctic scale. We observed the scattering population, most likely to be comprised of zooplankton, using 300 kHz acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). We quantified the presence/absence of DVM, and found that DVM continues throughout the year to at least 20 m at all locations south of 74 degrees N. North of 77 degrees N, DVM ceases for a period of time during the polar night. The dates of this cessation accurately align with the date of the winter solstice (+/- 2 d). Between 74 and 77 degrees N, DVM presence/absence is variable. Acoustic data sampled at 89 degrees N, however, showed no evidence of DVM at any time during the year -a new observation. Using indicators of presence/absence of sea ice from ADCPs and satellite-derived sea ice concentration data, we revealed that local variations in sea ice cover directly determine the continuation or cessation of DVM during the polar night. Earlier-forming and higher-concentration sea ice causes a cessation in DVM, whereas low-concentration or late-forming sea ice results in continuous DVM when comparing migrations at similar latitudes.