Recovery of the marine bottom environment of a Japanese bay
Recovery of the marine bottom environment of a Japanese bay
复制标题
日本湾海底环境恢复
DOI：
10.1016/0025-326x(94)90303-4
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Kozo Kido
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Ueda;H. Tsutsumi;M. Yamada;Ryoji Takeuchi;Kozo Kido
洞海湾毗邻北九州市，北九州市是日本人口超过 100 万的主要城市之一。这座城市自 1900 年代以来就建立了各种重化工业工厂。工厂的废水和未经处理的城市污水严重污染了海湾的水体和海底环境。在 20 世纪 60 年代，由于明显没有水生生物，这个海湾被称为“死海”。 1970年以来，当地政府开始实施环境恢复项目。污水和废水受到严格监管。海湾受污染的底部沉积物已被疏浚。因此，在过去的二十年里，海湾的环境条件得到了极大的恢复。自1989年以来，我们对海湾的水和底栖状况进行了评估，以描述底栖生态系统的恢复情况，并监测自1970年以来环境恢复项目对海湾底部环境的影响。这些研究结果表明，尽管海湾最内部的区域仍然受到严重的有机污染，但底部沉积物中的重金属含量急剧下降，各种底栖生物重新繁殖。在这些地区，夏季，由于缺氧水团的出现，底栖群落受到严重破坏。 1993年之前，对工厂废水和城市污水中营养盐的含量没有规定。营养盐的超载导致浮游植物产生大量的初级产物，并导致海湾最内部区域的底部环境有机物超载。为了进一步恢复生态系统，有必要控制海湾系统的营养盐负荷总量。
Dokai Bay lies adjacent to Kitakyushu city, one of Japan's major cities with a population of more than 1 000 000. In this city, various heavy chemical-industrial plants have been established since the 1900s. Waste water from the factories and untreated sewage effluent from the city have heavily polluted the water and marine bottom environment of the bay. In the 1960s, this bay was called the ‘dead sea’ owing to the apparent absence of aquatic organisms. Since 1970, environmental recovery projects have been carried out by the local government. The effluent and waste water have been severely regulated. The polluted bottom sediments of the bay have been dredged. Consequently, in the past two decades, the environmental conditions of the bay have dramatically recovered. Since 1989, we have assessed the water and benthic conditions of the bay to describe the recovery of the benthic ecosystems, and to monitor the effects of environmental recovery projects on the bottom environment of the bay since 1970. The results of these studies indicate a drastic decrease in the levels of heavy metals in the bottom sediments and the recolonization of various benthic organisms, although the innermost areas of the bay remain seriously organically polluted. In these areas, in the summer, the benthic communities are seriously damaged owing to the occurrence of anoxic water masses. Prior to 1993, there was no regulation of the amount of nutrient salt loading present in factory waste water and city sewage. Overloading of nutrient salts generates large amounts of primary production by phytoplankton, and results in the overloading of organic matter at the bottom environment in the innermost areas of the bay. For further recovery of the ecosystem it is necessary to control the total amount of loading of nutrient salts to the bay system.