Quantum electronics for fundamental physics

Quantum electronics for fundamental physics
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基础物理的量子电子学

DOI:
10.1080/00107514.2023.2180179
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Withington S
Withington S
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Withington S

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介绍了用于基础物理的量子传感器和电子学的新兴领域,强调了薄膜超导器件的作用。虽然下一代地面和天基实验需要在整个电磁频谱中开发先进技术,但本文侧重于用于无线电到远红外波长的超低噪声技术,其中现有设备达不到理论极限。从经典和量子的角度描述了无源电路、探测器和放大器,并讨论了基于探测器和基于放大器的仪器的灵敏度。进步将通过改进现有技术来实现,但创新是必不可少的。所需的发展超越了工程,涉及到将量子信息论、量子场论、经典电路理论和器件物理的概念结合在一起的理论研究。这篇文章是为了向研究生级别的科学家介绍量子传感器物理,而不是作为正式的评论。
The emerging field of quantum sensors and electronics for fundamental physics is introduced, emphasising the role of thin-film superconducting devices. Although the next generation of ground-based and space-based experiments requires the development of advanced technology across the whole of the electromagnetic spectrum, this article focuses on ultra-low-noise techniques for radio to far-infrared wavelengths, where existing devices fall short of theoretical limits. Passive circuits, detectors and amplifiers are described from classical and quantum perspectives, and the sensitivities of detector-based and amplifier-based instruments discussed. Advances will be achieved through refinements in existing technology, but innovation is essential. The needed developments go beyond engineering and relate to theoretical studies that bring together concepts from quantum information theory, quantum field theory, classical circuit theory and device physics. This article has been written to introduce graduate-level scientists to quantum sensor physics, rather than as a formal review.
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