Railway noise annoyance and the importance of number of trains, ground vibration, and building situational factors
Railway noise annoyance and the importance of number of trains, ground vibration, and building situational factors
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DOI：
10.4103/1463-1741.99895
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Ohrstrom, Evy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gidlof-Gunnarsson, Anita;Ogren, Mikael;Ohrstrom, Evy
国际公认的噪音-反应关系表明，铁路噪音比道路交通和飞机噪音造成的烦恼要少。铁路运输，包括客运和货运，正在增加，出于环境原因，正在规划新的铁路线。在不久的将来，更频繁的铁路交通和更快、更重的火车的结合很可能会导致更多的铁路交通干扰。为了有效地规划缓解铁路交通噪音和振动的措施，需要进行新的研究，以获得更好的知识基础。本研究的主要目的是调查铁路交通噪声水平和一般烦恼之间的关系是如何影响（i）列车数量，（ii）地面振动的存在，（iii）建筑环境因素，如阳台/露台和卧室窗户的方向。在住宅区进行了社会声学现场研究;（1）铁路交通相对密集;（2）强烈振动;（3）全国铁路交通最密集。获得的数据为1695受访者暴露于声级范围从L Aeq，24小时45至65分贝。列车的数量和地面振动的存在，而不仅仅是噪音水平本身，都与令人讨厌的铁路噪音的感知有关。结果表明，在铁路交通引起强烈地面振动的地区和列车数量非常多的地区，对于相同的烦恼比例，需要降低5 - 7 dB的噪声水平。一般的噪音烦恼是两倍高的居民在住宅阳台/露台朝向铁路和约1.5倍高的居民卧室窗户朝向铁路。
Internationally accepted exposure-response relationships show that railway noise causes less annoyance than road traffic and aircraft noise. Railway transport, both passenger and freight transport, is increasing, and new railway lines are planned for environmental reasons. The combination of more frequent railway traffic and faster and heavier trains will, most probably, lead to more disturbances from railway traffic in the near future. To effectively plan for mitigations against noise and vibration from railway traffic, new studies are needed to obtain a better basis of knowledge. The main objectives of the present study was to investigate how the relationship between noise levels from railway traffic and general annoyance is influenced by (i) number of trains, (ii) the presence of ground borne vibrations, and (iii) building situational factors, such as orientation of balcony/patio and bedroom window. Socio-acoustic field studies were executed in residential areas; (1) with relatively intense railway traffic; (2) with strong vibrations, and; (3) with the most intense railway traffic in the country. Data was obtained for 1695 respondents exposed to sound levels ranging from L Aeq,24h 45 to 65 dB. Both number of trains and presence of ground-borne vibrations, and not just the noise level per se, are of relevance for how annoying railway noise is perceived. The results imply that, for the proportion annoyed to be equal, a 5 - 7 dB lower noise level is needed in areas where the railway traffic causes strong ground-borne vibrations and in areas with a very large number of trains. General noise annoyance was twice as high among residents in dwellings with balcony / patio oriented towards the railway and about 1.5 times higher among residents with bedroom windows facing the railway.