Time for a view on screen time
Time for a view on screen time
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DOI：
10.1136/archdischild-2012-302196
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Sigman, Aric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sigman, Aric
在今天的英国，10岁以下的儿童平均可以在家中使用5个不同的屏幕。例如，除了主要的家庭电视之外，许多非常年幼的儿童还具有他们自己的卧室电视沿着便携式手持计算机游戏机（例如，Nintendo、Playstation、Xbox）、具有游戏、互联网和视频的智能手机、家庭计算机和膝上型计算机和/或平板计算机（例如，iPad）。孩子们通常会同时观看两种或两种以上的屏幕，比如电视和笔记本电脑。1观看是在生命的早期开始的。近三分之一的美国婴儿在他们的卧室里有电视，几乎一半的婴儿每天看电视或DVD近2小时。在工业化国家，观看屏幕媒体是儿童的主要消遣。在童年时期，孩子们花在看电视上的时间比在学校里花的时间还要多。如果把电脑游戏、互联网和DVD算在内，一个今天出生的孩子到7岁的时候，将有一整年的时间24小时都在看屏幕媒体。到18岁时，欧洲儿童平均每天24小时观看屏幕媒体的时间为3年;按照这个速度，到80岁时，他们将花费17.6年4粘在媒体屏幕上。然而，无论观看的内容或教育价值如何，放学后可自由支配的时间内的平均每日屏幕时间（ST）越来越多地被认为是疾病的独立风险因素，并且被其他政府和医疗机构认可，但不是在英国或大多数欧盟国家。到目前为止，英国和欧洲的医疗机构对儿童ST水平越来越高的意见仍然引人注目的缺席。本文将突出强调今天的孩子们花在观看屏幕媒体的时间急剧增加。它将简要概述当前观看水平的一些特定健康和福祉问题，解释为什么屏幕
In Britain today, children by the age of 10 years have regular access to an average of five different screens at home. In addition to the main family television, for example, many very young children have their own bedroom TV along with portable handheld computer game consoles (eg, Nintendo, Playstation, Xbox), smartphone with games, internet and video, a family computer and a laptop and/or a tablet computer (eg, iPad). Children routinely engage in two or more forms of screen viewing at the same time, such as TV and laptop. 1 Viewing is starting earlier in life. Nearly one in three American infants has a TV in their bedroom, and almost half of all infants watch TV or DVDs for nearly 2 h/day. 2Across the industrialised world, watching screen media is the main pastime of children. Over the course of childhood, children spend more time watching TV than they spend in school. 3 When including computer games, internet and DVDs, by the age of seven years, a child born today will have spent one full year of 24 h days watching screen media. By the age of 18 years, the average European child will have spent 3 years of 24 h days watching screen media; at this rate, by the age of 80 years, they will have spent 17.6 years4 glued to media screens. Yet, irrespective of the content or educational value of what is being viewed, the sheer amount of average daily screen time (ST) during discretionary hours after school is increasingly being considered an independent risk factor for disease, and is recognised as such by other governments and medical bodies but not, however, in Britain or in most of the EU. To date, views of the British and European medical establishments on increasingly high levels of child ST remain conspicuous by their absence. This paper will highlight the dramatic increase in the time children today spend watching screen media. It will provide a brief overview of some specific health and well-being concerns of current viewing levels, explain why screen