Race and gender on the brain: Electrocortical measures of attention to the race and gender of multiply categorizable individuals
Race and gender on the brain: Electrocortical measures of attention to the race and gender of multiply categorizable individuals
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.616
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Urland, GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ito, TA;Urland, GR
知觉者自动注意和编码社会类别信息的程度进行了调查。事件相关脑电位被用来评估注意力和工作记忆过程中的参与者提出了与黑人和白色男性和女性的图片在线。作者发现，在这两个实验中，注意力在处理过程的早期（刺激开始后约100 ms）优先指向黑色目标。注意性别也出现早，但发生约50毫秒后，注意种族。后来的工作记忆过程对目标个体的群体成员身份与周围社会背景之间的更复杂关系更为敏感。这些工作记忆的过程是敏感的明确的分类任务参与者执行，以及更多的内隐，任务无关的分类维度。结果是一致的模型表明，某些类别的尺寸的信息编码相对自动。
The degree to which perceivers automatically attend to and encode social category information was investigated. Event-related brain potentials were used to assess attentional and working-memory processes on-line as participants were presented with pictures of Black and White males and females. The authors found that attention was preferentially directed to Black targets very early in processing (by about 100 ms after stimulus onset) in both experiments. Attention to gender also emerged early but occurred about 50 ms later than attention to race. Later working-memory processes were sensitive to more complex relations between the group memberships of a target individual and the surrounding social context. These working-memory processes were sensitive to both the explicit categorization task participants were performing as well as more implicit, task-irrelevant categorization dimensions. Results are consistent with models suggesting, that information about certain category dimensions is encoded relatively automatically.