mTORC1 and Nutrient Homeostasis: The Central Role of the Lysosome.

mTORC1 and Nutrient Homeostasis: The Central Role of the Lysosome.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms19030818
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发表时间:
2018-03-12
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Korolchuk VI
Korolchuk VI
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rabanal-Ruiz Y;Korolchuk VI

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雷帕霉素复合物1(mTORC 1)的机制靶点协调细胞生长和代谢与环境输入,以确保细胞仅在有利条件下生长。当mTORC 1激活时,它会刺激生物合成途径,包括蛋白质、脂质和核苷酸合成,并通过抑制自噬途径来抑制细胞增殖,从而促进细胞生长和增殖。mTORC1募集到溶酶体表面已被证明是其激活所必需的。这一发现大大增强了我们对mTORC1调控的认识,并将该领域的注意力集中在溶酶体上,溶酶体是协调几种稳态途径的信号中枢。mTORC1在细胞器中的有趣定位在catalysts中起着至关重要的作用,使mTORC1能够反馈自噬和溶酶体生物发生,从而导致mTORC1对细胞生长进行精确的空间和时间控制。本次审查将涵盖信号相互作用发生在溶酶体表面和mTORC 1活性和溶酶体功能之间存在的串扰。
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) coordinates cellular growth and metabolism with environmental inputs to ensure that cells grow only under favourable conditions. When active, mTORC1 stimulates biosynthetic pathways including protein, lipid and nucleotide synthesis and inhibits cellular catabolism through repression of the autophagic pathway, thereby promoting cell growth and proliferation. The recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface has been shown to be essential for its activation. This finding has significantly enhanced our knowledge of mTORC1 regulation and has focused the attention of the field on the lysosome as a signalling hub which coordinates several homeostatic pathways. The intriguing localisation of mTORC1 to the cellular organelle that plays a crucial role in catabolism enables mTORC1 to feedback to autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, thus leading mTORC1 to enact precise spatial and temporal control of cell growth. This review will cover the signalling interactions which take place on the surface of lysosomes and the cross-talk which exists between mTORC1 activity and lysosomal function.
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