IMMUNOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES IN BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
IMMUNOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES IN BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
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DOI：
10.2307/3431306
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发表时间：
1991-08-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
HAAS, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROSNER, MH;GRASSMAN, JA;HAAS, RA
免疫分析是检测抗体和抗原之间相互作用的分析方法。免疫分析最初是用来检测生物大分子的。新一代的这些基于抗体的检测方法可以检测出小的合成化合物。因此，正在专门为暴露于环境中流行的化学品及其影响的生物标志物开发免疫分析方法。一些研究人员已经成功地对血液和组织中的母体化合物、排泄物中的代谢物以及与DNA和蛋白质的加合物进行了免疫化学检测。虽然在生物监测研究中使用免疫分析的潜力很大，但必须充分了解这些分析的局限性，以防止对所获得的数据进行不正确的评估。这篇综述将涵盖一些必要的背景材料，以了解基于抗体的分析是如何发展的。在研究设计和数据分析中，必须考虑基于多克隆抗体和基于单抗的分析方法之间的差异以及抗体类别、亲和力、特异性和交叉反应的重要性。
Immunoassays are analytical methods that detect interactions between antibodies and antigens. Immunoassays were used originally to detect large biological molecules. The new generation of these antibody-based assays can detect small synthetic compounds. As a result, immunoassays are being developed specifically for biomarkers of exposure and effect to environmentally prevalent chemicals. Immunochemical detection of parent compounds in blood and tissues, metabolites in excreta, and adducts with DNA and protein have been successfully performed by several investigators. Although there is great potential for use of immunossays in biological monitoring studies, the limitations of these analyses must be fully understood to prevent improper evaluation of the acquired data. This review will cover some of the background material necessary to understand how an antibody-based assay is developed. The differences between polyclonal and monoclonal antibody-based assays and the importance of antibody class, affinity, specificity, and cross-reactivity must be considered in both study design and data analysis.