Insertion of Transposable Elements in AVR-Pib of Magnaporthe oryzae Leading to LOSS of the Avirulent Function.
Insertion of Transposable Elements in AVR-Pib of Magnaporthe oryzae Leading to LOSS of the Avirulent Function.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms242115542
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发表时间：
2023-10-24
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
稻瘟病是由稻瘟病菌引起的一种严重病害，严重威胁着世界水稻生产和粮食供应。稻瘟病的无毒基因被相应的抗病基因感知，从而产生特异性抗性。AVR中的突变是新毒力的主要力量。探讨M.从水稻生产现场分离的抗虫菌株可以帮助评估R基因的效力和持久性。我们研究了可能的分子进化模式的AVR-Pib等位基因的DNA序列的多样性，并在自然条件下检测其无毒相应的Pib抗性基因在云南的水稻资源的遗传多样性，中国。PCR检测M.结果表明，366株云南分离物中有162株含有AVR-Pib等位基因。其中，来自云南6个不同稻区的36.1-73.3%的菌株含有AVR-Pib等位基因。此外，36（28.6%）的126个分离株有一个转座因子（TE）插入AVR-Pib，这导致毒力改变。TE插入被确定在分离物从水稻，而不是从香蕉。在其余90个分离株中鉴定了12个编码3种新AVR-Pib变体的AVR-Pib单倍型。AVR-Pib等位基因通过5′端非翻译区Pot 2和Pot 3的碱基替换和TE插入，由无毒型进化为毒性型。这些发现支持了功能性AVR-Pib具有不同的序列结构并可通过多种变异方式逃避宿主监视的假设。
Rice blast is a very serious disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, which threatens rice production and food supply throughout the world. The avirulence (AVR) genes of rice blast are perceived by the corresponding rice blast resistance (R) genes and prompt specific resistance. A mutation in AVR is a major force for new virulence. Exploring mutations in AVR among M. oryzae isolates from rice production fields could aid assessment of the efficacy and durability of R genes. We studied the probable molecular-evolutionary patterns of AVR-Pib alleles by assaying their DNA-sequence diversification and examining their avirulence to the corresponding Pib resistance gene under natural conditions in the extremely genetically diverse of rice resources of Yunnan, China. PCRs detected results from M. oryzae genomic DNA and revealed that 162 out of 366 isolates collected from Yunnan Province contained AVR-Pib alleles. Among them, 36.1–73.3% isolates from six different rice production areas of Yunnan contained AVR-Pib alleles. Furthermore, 36 (28.6%) out of 126 isolates had a transposable element (TE) insertion in AVR-Pib, which resulted in altered virulence. The TE insertion was identified in isolates from rice rather than from Musa nana Lour. Twelve AVR-Pib haplotypes encoding three novel AVR-Pib variants were identified among the remaining 90 isolates. AVR-Pib alleles evolved to virulent forms from avirulent forms by base substitution and TE insertion of Pot2 and Pot3 in the 5′ untranslated region of AVR-Pib. These findings support the hypothesis that functional AVR-Pib possesses varied sequence structures and can escape surveillance by hosts via multiple variation manners.
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