Drinking to cope with negative affect and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders: A test of three alternative explanations
Drinking to cope with negative affect and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders: A test of three alternative explanations
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饮酒应对负面情绪与 DSM-IV 酒精使用障碍： 对三种替代解释的检验
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1999.60.694
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hasin, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpenter, KM;Hasin, DS
目的：先前关于饮酒动机的研究表明，与非问题饮酒者相比，问题饮酒者的饮酒水平更高，以应对负面影响。这些发现表明，使用酒精来应对负面影响可能会使个人面临更大的酒精问题风险。然而，存在几种不同的解释，每种解释都有不同的干预含义。这项研究评估了三种可供选择的解释或模型：风险因素、概括性和偶发现象。一项横断面设计被用来比较自我报告的饮酒水平，以应对当前患有DSM-IV酒精使用障碍的人和没有饮酒障碍的人之间的负面影响。方法：研究对象为社区居民(N=777，男性占55%)。所有参与者都完成了一次面对面的精神病学访谈和一份自我报告问卷，评估饮酒和饮酒动机。抑郁情绪，以及消极的酒精后果。结果：线性回归模型在DSM-IV酒精依赖诊断患者和ILO诊断患者之间的平均饮酒量以应对负面情绪得分方面存在显著差异。在四个调整后的比较中的三个中，在控制了抑郁情绪和消极酒精后果的频率后，这些差异仍然存在。在有DSM-IV酒精滥用诊断的受试者和没有被诊断为酗酒的受试者之间，调整后的平均饮酒量以应对负面情绪得分没有显著差异。结论：DSM-IV酒精依赖和未诊断的比较与危险因素模型的预测最一致。这些结果提供了进一步的证据，表明饮酒应对负面情绪可能在酒精依赖的形成中起到病因学作用。
Objective: previous studies of drinking motives have demonstrated greater levels of drinking to cope with negative affect among problem drinkers relative to nonproblem drinkers. These findings suggest that the use of alcohol to cope with negative affect may place individuals at greater risk for the development of alcohol problems. However, several alternative explanations exist, each with different intervention implications. This study evaluated three alternative explanations or models: risk-factor, generalizing, and epiphenomena. A cross-sectional design was used to compare levels of self-reported drinking to cope with negative affect between individuals who had current DSM-IV alcohol use disorders-and those who did not. Method: Participants consisted of a sample of community residents (N = 777, 55% men). All participants completed an in-person structured psychiatric interview and a self-report questionnaire assessing alcohol use, drinking motives. depressive affect, and negative alcohol consequences. Results: Linear regression models yielded significant differences in mean drinking to cope with negative affect scores between participants with a DSM-IV alcohol dependence diagnosis and participants with Ilo diagnosis. These differences remained after controlling for depressive affect and frequency of negative alcohol consequences in three of the four adjusted comparisons. No significant differences in adjusted mean drinking to cope with negative affect scores were demonstrated between subjects with a DSM-IV alcohol abuse diagnosis and those with no diagnosis. Conclusions: The DSM-IV alcohol dependence and no-diagnosis comparisons were most consistent with the predictions of a risk-factor model. These results provide further evidence that drinking to cope with negative affect may haven etiological role in development of alcohol dependence.