Transcription factor VdCmr1 is required for pigment production, protection from UV irradiation, and regulates expression of melanin biosynthetic genes in Verticillium dahliae
Transcription factor VdCmr1 is required for pigment production, protection from UV irradiation, and regulates expression of melanin biosynthetic genes in Verticillium dahliae
复制标题
转录因子 VdCmr1 是大丽轮枝菌中色素产生、免受紫外线照射以及调节黑色素生物合成基因表达所必需的
DOI：
10.1099/mic.0.000633
复制
发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Klosterman, Steven J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yonglin;Hu, Xiaoping;Klosterman, Steven J.
大丽轮枝菌（Verticillium dahliae）是一种土传真菌，在世界范围内引起许多植物物种的脉管枯萎病。深色黑化微菌核的产生在大丽轮枝菌的疾病循环中至关重要，因为这些结构允许在土壤中长期存活。先前，转录组学和基因组学分析鉴定了大丽轮枝菌中的一组基因，其编码在相关真菌中发现的一些二羟基萘（DHN）黑色素生物合成途径同源物。在这项研究中，我们探讨了集群特异性转录因子VdCmr1的作用，以及集群内的其他两个基因编码的聚酮合酶（VdPKS1）和漆酶（VdLac1），酶在初始和终点步骤DHN黑色素生产。结果表明，VdCmr1和VdPKS1是黑色素产生所必需的，但微菌核的产生都不需要。这三个基因都不是烟草和莴苣致病所必需的。将ΔVdCmr1和野生型菌株暴露于紫外线照射或高温（40 °C）下，显示出约100%的Δ VdCmr1。 相对于野生型菌株，ΔVdCmr1菌株对任一条件的响应存活率降低50%。表达谱显示，一些黑色素生物合成基因的表达部分依赖于VdCmr1。综合数据表明，VdCmr 1是黑色素生物合成的关键调节因子，并且通过调节黑色素生成，VdCmr 1影响大丽葡萄应对非生物威胁的生存。我们的结论与模型显示调节VdCmr1的高渗透压甘油反应（猪）型MAP激酶途径。
Verticillium dahliae is a soilborne fungus that causes vascular wilt diseases on numerous plant species worldwide. The production of darkly melanized microsclerotia is crucial in the disease cycle of V. dahliae, as these structures allow for long-term survival in soil. Previously, transcriptomic and genomic analysis identified a cluster of genes in V. dahliae that encodes some dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin biosynthetic pathway homologues found in related fungi. In this study, we explored the roles of cluster-specific transcription factor VdCmr1, as well as two other genes within the cluster encoding a polyketide synthase (VdPKS1) and a laccase (VdLac1), enzymes at initial and endpoint steps in DHN melanin production. The results revealed that VdCmr1 and VdPKS1 are required for melanin production, but neither is required for microsclerotia production. None of the three genes were required for pathogenesis on tobacco and lettuce. Exposure of ΔVdCmr1 and wild-type strains to UV irradiation, or to high temperature (40 °C), revealed an approx. 50 % reduction of survival in the ΔVdCmr1 strain, relative to the wild-type strain, in response to either condition. Expression profiles revealed that expression of some melanin biosynthetic genes are in part dependent on VdCmr1. Combined data indicate VdCmr1 is a key regulator of melanin biosynthesis, and that via regulation of melanogenesis, VdCmr1 affects survival of V. dahliae in response to abiotic threats. We conclude with a model showing regulation of VdCmr1 by a high osmolarity glycerol response (Hog)-type MAP kinase pathway.