Multi-agent Crowd Simulation in an Active Shooter Environment
Multi-agent Crowd Simulation in an Active Shooter Environment
复制标题
主动射击环境中的多智能体人群模拟
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-031-06015-1_8
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sharma, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharma, S.
近年来，主动射击项目急剧增加，但没有引入新的技术或战术来增加对主动射击事件的准备和训练。这引起了人们的主要关切，即缺乏工具能够有力地预测真实的人体运动，以及缺乏对指定模拟环境中的相互作用的了解。进行现场实验是不切实际的，因为成千上万的人被从为每种可能的紧急情况而设计的建筑物中疏散。在理解人体运动、人体运动合成、人群动力学、室内环境及其与主动射击事件的关系方面已经取得了进展，但仍然存在挑战。本文介绍了一种虚拟现实(VR)实验装置，用于在极端事件中进行虚拟疏散演练，并演示了主体在主动射击环境中的行为。代理的行为是使用Unity游戏引擎中的行为树实现的。VR实验装置可以在校园环境中模拟活跃的射击事件中的人类行为。在用户研究中使用了在场问卷(PQ)来评估我们的主动射击环境的有效性和参与度。结果显示，大部分使用者同意将应急训练环境应用于建筑物疏散环境时，可增加临场感。
In recent years there has been a sharp increase in active shooter events, but there has been no introduction of new technology or tactics capable of increasing preparedness and training for active shooter events. This has raised a major concern about the lack of tools that would allow robust predictions of realistic human movements and the lack of understanding about the interaction in designated simulation environments. It is impractical to carry out live experiments where thousands of people are evacuated from buildings designed for every possible emergency condition. There has been progress in understanding human movement, human motion synthesis, crowd dynamics, indoor environments, and their relationships with active shooter events, but challenges remain. This paper presents a virtual reality (VR) experimental setup for conducting virtual evacuation drills in response to extreme events and demonstrates the behavior of agents during an active shooter environment. The behavior of agents is implemented using behavior trees in the Unity gaming engine. The VR experimental setup can simulate human behavior during an active shooter event in a campus setting. A presence questionnaire (PQ) was used in the user study to evaluate the effectiveness and engagement of our active shooter environment. The results show that majority of users agreed that the sense of presence was increased when using the emergency response training environment for a building evacuation environment.