Advances in nano-based inner ear delivery systems for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss.
Advances in nano-based inner ear delivery systems for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addr.2016.01.004
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
16.1
通讯作者：
Li D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li L;Chao T;Brant J;O'Malley B Jr;Tsourkas A;Li D
感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）是最常见的疾病之一，约占所有听力损失的 90%。 SNHL 的主要原因包括高龄、耳毒性药物、噪音暴露、遗传性和自身免疫性疾病。大多数 SNHL 是不可逆的，需要通过助听器或人工耳蜗进行治疗。尽管人们对 SNHL 的分子病理生理学的了解有所增加，但由于缺乏非侵入性靶向递送系统，生物治疗选择受到限制。内耳靶向递送的障碍包括解剖学上的不可达性、生物治疗的不稳定和非特异性递送。纳米技术的进步可能会为这些障碍提供解决方案。纳米颗粒可以稳定并携带生物材料穿过圆窗膜进入内耳，纳米颗粒表面上的配体生物共轭可以实现特定的靶向。一种较新的技术，纳米水凝胶，可以提供非侵入性和持续的生物治疗递送到特定的内耳细胞。纳米水凝胶可用于内耳透析，这是治疗耳毒性引起的 SNHL 的潜在方法。
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the most common diseases, accounting for about 90% of all hearing loss. Leading causes of SNHL include advanced age, ototoxic medications, noise exposure, inherited and autoimmune disorders. Most of SNHL is irreversible and managed with hearing aids or cochlear implants. Although there is increased understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of SNHL, biologic treatment options are limited due to lack of noninvasive targeted delivery systems. Obstacles of targeted inner ear delivery include anatomic inaccessibility, biotherapeutic instability, and nonspecific delivery. Advances in nanotechnology may provide a solution to these barriers. Nanoparticles can stabilize and carry biomaterials across the round window membrane into the inner ear, and ligand bioconjugation onto nanoparticle surfaces allows for specific targeting. A newer technology, nanohydrogel, may offer noninvasive and sustained biotherapeutic delivery into specific inner ear cells. Nanohydrogel may be used for inner ear dialysis, a potential treatment for ototoxicity-induced SNHL.