Understanding Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy: The Synergy Between Clinical Observation and Investigation
Understanding Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy: The Synergy Between Clinical Observation and Investigation
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-vision-111815-114417
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Quigley, Harry A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quigley, Harry A.
青光眼是一种复杂的衰老性疾病，其定义为视网膜神经节细胞的死亡和视神经乳头处结缔组织的重塑。眼内压诱导的视神经乳头轴突损伤导致细胞凋亡。视网膜神经节细胞的丧失遵循缓慢进行的顺序。该病的临床特征提示并证实了病理事件。视网膜神经节细胞的死亡导致脑中神经元的继发性损失，但仅作为视网膜神经节细胞损伤的副产物。虽然降低眼内压的治疗是中等有效的，但正在开发新的治疗方法来改变眼结缔组织的重塑，中断从轴突到索马的损伤信号，并上调各种存活机制。
Glaucoma is a complex disorder of aging defined by the death of retinal ganglion cells and remodeling of connective tissues at the optic nerve head. Intraocular pressure-induced axonal injury at the optic nerve head leads to apoptosis. Loss of retinal ganglion cells follows a slowly progressive sequence. Clinical features of the disease have suggested and corroborated pathological events. The death of retinal ganglion cells causes secondary loss of neurons in the brain, but only as a by-product of injury to the retinal ganglion cells. Although therapy to lower intraocular pressure is moderately effective, new treatments are being developed to alter the remodeling of ocular connective tissue, to interrupt the injury signal from axon to soma, and to upregulate a variety of survival mechanisms.