Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber.
Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber.
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DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.4079.2.5
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
K. Yoshizawa;C. Lienhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Yoshizawa;C. Lienhard
昆虫摄食器官的多样性远远超过在任何其他动物群体中观察到的。因此，跟踪昆虫的口器创新是了解其多样化的关键之一。在半翅目昆虫（副翅目或蜱螨目分支：虱、蓟马、蚜虫、蝉、臭虫等）中，从咀嚼到刺吸式口器的转变被广泛认为是使半翅目（第五大昆虫目）高度多样化的转折点。然而，从咀嚼到刺吸的过渡过程在副翅目中是完全未知的。本文报道了一个保存较好的白垩纪中期副翅目古蚤科琥珀化石，并将其命名为Mydiognathuseviohlhoffae gen.etsp.n。本种有细长的下颚和类似半翅目的花柱状裂叶，但保留有功能性的咀嚼口器。从形态学上看，原蚤科是蓟马加半翅目的姐妹类群，这有力地说明了原蚤科的口器是由半翅蓟马和半翅蓟马组成的。Eviohlhoffae代表了从原始咀嚼到衍生的刺穿和吮吸口器的过渡状态。根据新获得的信息，我们还评估了Paraneoptera的单系性，这是最近的基因组分析所质疑的。一个系统发育分析，包括Mydiognathus强烈支持的单系的副翅目。
The diversity of feeding apparatuses in insects far exceeds that observed in any other animal group. Consequently, tracking mouthpart innovation in insects is one of the keys toward understanding their diversification. In hemipteroid insects (clade Paraneoptera or Acercaria: lice, thrips, aphids, cicadas, bugs, etc.), the transition from chewing to piercing-and-sucking mouthparts is widely regarded as the turning point that enabled hyperdiversification of the Hemiptera, the fifth largest insect order. However, the transitional process from chewing to piercing-and-sucking in the Paraneoptera was hitherto completely unknown. In this paper, we report a well preserved mid Cretaceous amber fossil of the paraneopteran insect family Archipsyllidae and describe it as Mydiognathus eviohlhoffae gen. et sp. n. This species has elongate mandibles and styliform laciniae similar to Hemiptera but retains functional chewing mouthparts. A number of morphological characters place the Archipsyllidae as the sister group of the thrips plus hemipterans, which strongly suggests that the mouthparts of M. eviohlhoffae represent a transitional condition from primitive chewing to derived piercing-and-sucking mouthparts. The clade composed of Archipsyllidae, thrips, and hemipterans is here named Pancondylognatha, a new supra-ordinal taxon. Based on newly obtained information, we also assess the monophyly of the Paraneoptera, which was called into question by recent phylogenomic analyses. A phylogenetic analysis that includes Mydiognathus strongly supports the monophyly of the Paraneoptera.