Refining area of occupancy to address the modifiable areal unit problem in ecology and conservation.
Refining area of occupancy to address the modifiable areal unit problem in ecology and conservation.
复制标题
细化占用面积，解决生态和保护中可修改的面积单位问题。
DOI：
10.1111/cobi.13139
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Moat J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moat J
可改变的面积单位问题普遍存在于生态学和保护学空间分析的许多方面。这个问题在计算灭绝风险估计的度量时尤其明显，例如，占用面积（AOO）。虽然列入了国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）的红色名录标准，但AOO往往没有被使用或应用得很差。我们评估了从发生记录计算AOO的新方法和现有方法，并设计了一种用均匀网格确定最小AOO的方法。我们用真实世界和模拟数据评估了网格细胞的形状、起源和旋转，并回顾了对AOO值的影响以及对已经被列入IUCN红色名录的物种的可能影响。AOO变化高达80%，细胞与点的比例为1:1.21时，占据细胞的数量变化最大。这些发现可能会影响世界自然保护联盟红色名录上3%的现有物种和尚未评估的物种。我们的新方法结合了网格旋转和移动网格原点，给出了快速、鲁棒和可重复的结果，并且在大多数情况下实现了最小的AOO。除了确定最小AOO外，我们的方法还产生了一个可信区间，该置信区间应纳入支持物种风险评估的现有工具中。当记录AOO和其他面积测量时，我们建议使用以下方法；跨多个迭代的汇总统计信息；最小网格的角度和原点；地图投影;并记录数据，这将导致更可靠的物种风险评估。
The modifiable areal unit problem is prevalent across many aspects of spatial analysis within ecology and conservation. The problem is particularly manifested when calculating metrics for extinction risk estimation, for example, area of occupancy (AOO). Although embedded in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria, AOO is often not used or is poorly applied. We evaluated new and existing methods for calculating AOO from occurrence records and devised a method for determining the minimum AOO with a uniform grid. We evaluated the grid cell shape, origin, and rotation with real‐world and simulated data and reviewed the effects on AOO values and possible impacts for species already assessed on the IUCN Red List. The AOO varied by up to 80%, and a ratio of cells to points of 1:1.21 yielded the maximum variation in the number of occupied cells. These findings potentially impact 3% of existing species on the IUCN Red List and species not yet assessed. Our new method combined grid rotation and moving grid origin and gave fast, robust, and reproducible results and, in the majority of cases, achieved the minimum AOO. As well as determining minimum AOO, our method yielded a confidence interval that should be incorporated into existing tools that support species risk assessment. We recommend when recording AOO and other areal measurements that the methods; summary statistics across multiple iterations; angle and origin of the minimum grid; map projection; and datum be recorded, this will lead to more robust species risk assessments.