Comparing the effects of mutualism and competition on industrial districts
Comparing the effects of mutualism and competition on industrial districts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physa.2014.09.001
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Christopher J. K. Knight;A. Penn;R. Hoyle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christopher J. K. Knight;A. Penn;R. Hoyle
工业区是由许多公司或行业以各种方式相互作用组成的。我们创建和研究一个模型的贸易和服务的互动在工业区，然后将其扩展到两种不同类型的工业区马歇尔和轴辐的行为上的积极（互惠）和消极（竞争）的非贸易互动的影响进行调查。特别是，我们研究了地区的结构或关系的定位是否对地区整体的结果产生了影响，我们发现这两个方面都产生了影响。例如，在马歇尔地区和中心辐射地区，通过贸易直接联系的公司之间的竞争关系比没有直接联系的公司之间的竞争具有更强的影响。另一方面，在马歇尔地区，通过在供应商或中介公司之间增加互惠关系，可以使该地区更加“平等”，但这种效果在中心辐射地区看不到。我们强调进一步调查的一个假设，我们的研究结果表明，互利共生的影响，工业区比竞争更明显。
Industrial districts are made up of numerous firms or industries interacting in myriad ways. We create and study a model of trade and service interactions in an industrial district, and then extend it to investigate the effect of both positive (mutualistic) and negative (competitive) non-trade interactions on the behaviour of two different types of industrial district—Marshallian and hub-and-spoke. In particular we study whether the structure of the district, or the positioning of the relationships, makes a difference to the outcome for the district as a whole.We find that both these aspects make a difference. For instance, in both Marshallian and hub-and-spoke districts a competitive relationship between firms that are directly linked by trade has a stronger effect than competition between firms that are not. On the other hand in a Marshallian district it is possible to make the district more ‘egalitarian’ by adding a mutualistic relationship between suppliers or between intermediary firms, but this effect is not seen in hub-and-spoke districts. We highlight for further investigation a hypothesis suggested by our results that the effects of mutualism on an industrial district are more pronounced than those of competition.