Microbial Communities in a High Arctic Polar Desert Landscape.
Microbial Communities in a High Arctic Polar Desert Landscape.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.00419
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Graham DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCann CM;Wade MJ;Gray ND;Roberts JA;Hubert CR;Graham DW
高北极地区主要是极地沙漠栖息地，其微生物群落知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们使用下一代测序来描述斯瓦尔巴群岛Kongsfjorden地区极地沙漠土壤中微生物群落的α和β多样性。10门占主导地位的土壤和占95%的所有序列，与变形菌，放线菌，和Chloroflexi是主要的谱系。与以往的北极土壤调查相比，相对的酸细菌丰度被发现是非常低的，因为整个Kongsfjorden极地沙漠景观中的Acidobacteria。较低的酸细菌丰度归因于该地区的特征环中性土壤pH值，这是由于下伏碳酸盐基岩的风化。此外，我们比较了以前测量的地球化学条件作为可能的控制土壤微生物群落。磷、pH值、氮和钙水平均与β多样性显著相关，表明有效养分的岩性控制，反过来又显著影响土壤群落组成。此外，土壤磷和pH值与α-多样性显著相关，尤其是与Shannon多样性指数和Chao 1丰富度指数的相关性更强。
The High Arctic is dominated by polar desert habitats whose microbial communities are poorly understood. In this study, we used next generation sequencing to describe the α- and β-diversity of microbial communities in polar desert soils from the Kongsfjorden region of Svalbard. Ten phyla dominated the soils and accounted for 95% of all sequences, with the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi being the major lineages. In contrast to previous investigations of Arctic soils, relative Acidobacterial abundances were found to be very low as were the Archaea throughout the Kongsfjorden polar desert landscape. Lower Acidobacterial abundances were attributed to characteristic circumneutral soil pHs in this region, which has resulted from the weathering of underlying carbonate bedrock. In addition, we compared previously measured geochemical conditions as possible controls on soil microbial communities. Phosphorus, pH, nitrogen, and calcium levels all significantly correlated with β-diversity, indicating landscape-scale lithological control of available nutrients, which in turn, significantly influenced soil community composition. In addition, soil phosphorus and pH significantly correlated with α-diversity, particularly with the Shannon diversity and Chao 1 richness indices.