Rapid adaptation of translational vestibulo-ocular reflex: independence of retinal slip.
Rapid adaptation of translational vestibulo-ocular reflex: independence of retinal slip.
复制标题
平移前庭眼反射的快速适应：视网膜滑移的独立性。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02881.x
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
King,WM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou,W;Weldon,P;Tang,B;King,WM
最近，我们开发了一种新的范式来诱导平移前庭-眼反射（TVOR）的快速适应。1,2当对猴子进行短暂的头部平移实验（持续时间0.4秒，峰值加速度0.2 g），并要求猴子保持对视觉目标的注视时，如果目标位置固定（TVOR条件），猴子的TVOR初始眼速（早在头平移开始20 ms后）系统地增加；如果目标位置固定（TVORC条件），猴子的TVOR初始眼速系统地降低。适应的时间过程是指数的（时间常数小于100次试验），适应是特定于刺激方向和形式的（线性或角度）。视网膜滑动被认为是角VOR增益适应的重要信号。在这里，我们研究了视网膜滑动在TVOR适应中的可能作用。在黑暗中，猴子在两种情况下重复进行TVORC训练试验：头部翻译时视网膜滑动或不滑动。在无视网膜滑动条件下，在头部平移前关闭目标；然而，当头部运动完成时，目标被重新照亮。每次试验持续约3 s，试验间隔1 s。在试验间隙，摄影师的安全灯被打开，以尽量减少黑暗适应。通过手术将搜索线圈植入双眼，记录双眼眼球运动。图1显示，在两种情况下（图1A，有视网膜滑移；图1B，无视网膜滑移），随着连续试验，初始眼速（即TVOR的开环间隔：前90 ms）呈指数衰减（p< 0.001）。在视网膜滑动条件下，初始眼速降低52±3%。在无视网膜滑移的情况下，初始眼速降低了45±3%，与有视网膜滑移的情况相似。适应时间常数分别为64±4次（无视网膜滑移）和76±3次（有视网膜滑移）。这些
Recently, we developed a novel paradigm to induce rapid adaptation of the translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (TVOR). 1, 2 When monkeys were given repeated trials of brief head translation (0.4 second duration, 0.2 g peak acceleration) and were required to maintain fixation on a visual target, the initial eye speed of their TVOR (as early as 20 ms after the onset of head translation) systematically increased if the target’s position was world-fixed (TVOR condition) or systematically decreased if the target’s position was head-fixed (TVORC condition). The time course of adaptation is exponential (time constant less than 100 trials) and the adaptation is specific for stimulus direction and modality (linear or angular). Retinal slip has been implicated as an essential signal for angular VOR gain adaptation. 3 Here, we examine a possible role of retinal slip in TVOR adaptation. In darkness, monkeys were given repeated TVORC training trials in two conditions: with or without retinal slip during head translation. In the without-retinal-slip condition, the target was turned off before head translation; however, when the head movement was completed, the target was re-illuminated. Each trial lasted about 3 s with an inter-trial interval of 1 s. During the inter-trial interval, photographers’ safe lights were turned on to minimize dark adaptation. Search coils were surgically implanted in both eyes to record binocular eye movements. 4 FIGURE 1 shows that initial eye speed (ie, open-loop interval of the TVOR:∼ first 90 ms) decayed exponentially (adapted) with successive trials (p< 0.001) in both conditions (FIG. 1A, with retinal slip; FIG. 1B, without retinal slip). In the with-retinal-slip condition, the initial eye speed was reduced by 52±3%. In the without-retinal-slip condition, the initial eye speed was reduced by 45±3%, similar to the with-retinal-slip condition. The time constants of adaptation were 64±4 trials (without retinal slip) and 76±3 trials (with retinal slip). These