Long‐term effects of perinatal exposure to low doses of cadmium on the prostate of adult male rats
Long‐term effects of perinatal exposure to low doses of cadmium on the prostate of adult male rats
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DOI：
10.1111/iep.12193
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Viviane P. Santana;É. Salles;Deborah E. Correa;Bianca F. Gonçalves;Silvana G P Campos;Luiz A. Justulin;A. F. Godinho;W. R. Scarano
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文献类型：
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作者：
Viviane P. Santana;É. Salles;Deborah E. Correa;Bianca F. Gonçalves;Silvana G P Campos;Luiz A. Justulin;A. F. Godinho;W. R. Scarano
围产期环境中重金属暴露引起的发育毒性引起了对后代健康的质疑。镉 (Cd) 是一种内分泌干扰化学物质，有可能干扰生殖器官的形态发生和对疾病的易感性。考虑到大鼠前列腺形态发生发生在围产期，并且怀孕雌性比非怀孕雌性吸收和保留更多的膳食镉，因此了解围产期镉暴露对成年大鼠前列腺的影响非常重要。因此，本研究调查了妊娠期和哺乳期镉暴露对成年子代大鼠前列腺组织病理学的影响。将怀孕大鼠（n = 20）分为两组：对照组（用10 mg/l醋酸钠水溶液处理）和治疗组（用10 mg/l醋酸镉水溶液处理），在饮用水中给药。断奶后，不同窝的雄性后代（n = 10）“随意”获得食物和水。在出生后第90天(PND90)对动物实施安乐死，取出腹侧前列腺(VP)、称重并进行组织病理学检查。采集血液用于测量睾酮（T）水平。进行了雄激素受体 (AR) 和 Ki67 的免疫组织化学分析以及 TUNEL 测定。实验组间T水平、细胞增殖和凋亡指标、AR免疫染色均无差异。治疗组间质炎症灶和多灶性炎症显着增加。这些变化与炎症反应性上皮异型性和基质纤维重排有关。总之，VP 受到围产期 Cd 暴露的永久性影响，并且随着年龄的增长，炎症性疾病的发生率增加。
Developmental toxicity caused by environmental exposure to heavy metals during the perinatal period has raised questions about offspring health. Cadmium (Cd) is an endocrine‐disrupting chemical with the potential to interfere with morphogenesis and susceptibility to diseases in reproductive organs. Taking into account that in the rat prostate morphogenesis occurs during the perinatal period, and that pregnant females absorb and retain more dietary Cd than their non‐pregnant counterparts, it is important to understand the effects of perinatal Cd exposure on the adult rat prostate. Therefore this study investigated the effects of gestational and lactational Cd exposure on adult offspring rat prostate histopathology. Pregnant rats (n = 20) were divided into two groups: Control (treated with aqueous solution of sodium acetate 10 mg/l) and treated (treated with aqueous solution of cadmium acetate 10 mg/l) administered in the drinking water. After weaning, male offspring from different litters (n = 10) received food and water ‘ad libitum’. The animals were euthanized at postnatal day 90 (PND90), the ventral prostates (VPs) were removed, weighed and examined histopathologically. Blood was collected for the measurement of testosterone (T) levels. Immunohistochemistry for androgen receptor (AR) and Ki67, and a TUNEL assay were performed. There were no differences in T levels, cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes, or AR immunostaining between the experimental groups. Stromal inflammatory foci and multifocal inflammation increased significantly in the treated group. These changes were associated with inflammatory reactive epithelial atypia and stromal fibrillar rearrangement. In conclusion, VP was permanently affected by perinatal Cd exposition, with increased incidence of inflammatory disorders with ageing.