An On-Demand Energy Requesting Scheme for Wireless Energy Harvesting Powered IoT Networks
An On-Demand Energy Requesting Scheme for Wireless Energy Harvesting Powered IoT Networks
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DOI：
10.1109/jiot.2018.2849069
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Li, Frank Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guntupalli, Lakshmikanth;Gidlund, Mikael;Li, Frank Y.
能量收集 (EH) 提供了一种独特的技术，用于为物联网 (IoT) 设备中的电池充电。配备 EH 配件后，支持 EH 的传感器节点/物联网设备可从环境资源（例如太阳能或射频 (RF) 信号）中提取能量。物联网网络中的传感器节点依靠剩余电池或/和收集的能量执行数据交换活动。否则，感测数据的传输将被延迟，直到收集到足够的能量为止。在本文中，我们提出了一种按需能量请求（OER）机制，用于提高无线 EH 驱动的物联网网络的延迟性能。所提出的方案在必要时从能够通过定向射频信号传输能量的能量发射器获取能量。此外，我们开发了两个相关的离散时间马尔可夫链（DTMC）模型来分析 OER 方案的性能，针对通用同步媒体访问控制（MAC）协议。使用所提出的 DTMC 模型，我们通过采用特定的同步 MAC 协议，在平均数据包延迟、网络吞吐量、数据包丢失概率和数据包可靠性比方面评估 OER。分析和离散事件仿真获得的数值结果相互吻合，表明了模型的准确性并揭示了基于 EH 的数据包传输的行为。
Energy harvesting (EH) delivers a unique technique for replenishing batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Equipped with an EH accessory, EH-enabled sensor nodes/IoT devices extract energy from ambient resources, such as solar or radio frequency (RF) signals. Relying on residual battery or/and harvested energy, sensor nodes in an IoT network perform data exchange activities. Otherwise, the delivery of sensed data would be delayed until sufficient energy is harvested. In this paper, we propose an on-demand energy requesting (OER) mechanism for improving the delay performance of a wireless EH-powered IoT network. The proposed scheme acquires energy when necessary from an energy transmitter that is capable of transmitting energy via directed RF signals. Furthermore, we develop two associated discrete time Markov chain (DTMC) models to analyze the performance of the OER scheme, targeting at a generic synchronous medium access control (MAC) protocol. Using the proposed DTMC models, we evaluate OER with respect to average packet delay, network throughput, packet loss probability, and packet reliability ratio by employing a specific synchronous MAC protocol. Numerical results obtained from both analysis and discrete-event simulations coincide with each other, indicating the accuracy of the models and revealing the behavior of EH-based packet transmissions.