microRNAs: An Emerging Paradigm in Lung Cancer Chemoresistance.
microRNAs: An Emerging Paradigm in Lung Cancer Chemoresistance.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmed.2015.00077
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Garofalo M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naidu S;Garofalo M
肺癌被认为是所有癌症中最致命的，治疗选择有限。虽然先进的药物已经在临床试验，但由于耐药机制的迅速发展，很大程度上阻碍了治疗的成功。近年来，微rna （microRNAs, miRNAs）作为一类小分子非编码rna，在癌症生物学研究中占据了中心地位。mirna通过促进降解或干扰信使RNA靶标的翻译来负性调节基因表达。一些证据已经证实了mirna在癌症发生中的关键作用，更重要的是，在获得对化疗药物的耐药性方面。在各种临床前癌症研究中，miRNA表达水平的调节已被证明可以提高基因毒性药物的疗效。因此，全面了解这些关键因素在耐药中的作用可能为设计有效的癌症联合治疗策略提供新的机会。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了mirna在肺癌中作为肿瘤因子和肿瘤抑制基因的最新发现。此外，我们讨论了mirna在这种致命疾病的不同耐药机制中的参与。
Lung cancer is considered the most deadly of all cancers, with limited therapeutic options. Although advanced drugs have been tried in clinic, the therapeutic success has largely been hampered due to rapid development of drug-resistance mechanisms. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have occupied center stage in cancer biology. miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression either by promoting degradation or by interfering with translation of messenger RNA targets. Several lines of evidence have confirmed the crucial role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis, and, importantly, in the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutics. Modulation of miRNA expression levels has been proven to increase the efficacy of genotoxic drugs in various preclinical cancer studies. Therefore, comprehensive understanding of the role(s) of these key players in drug resistance may provide novel opportunities to design effective combinatorial therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. In this review, we highlight recent findings on miRNAs acting as oncomiRs and tumor suppressor genes in lung cancer. Moreover, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in different mechanisms of drug resistance in this deadly disease.