Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
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DOI：
10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.002
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bouza, Emilio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burillo, Almudena;Bouza, Emilio
据估计，肺炎衣原体导致了大约10%的社区获得性肺炎(CAP)病例和5%的支气管炎病例，尽管大多数肺炎衣原体感染患者没有症状，而且呼吸道疾病的病程相对较轻。肺炎衣原体感染的潜伏期约为21天，咳嗽和身体不适等症状会逐渐发作，但即使接受适当的抗生素治疗，仍可能持续数周或数月。通过鼻咽标本培养、血清抗体滴度或分子技术进行诊断通常会在症状出现、抗生素治疗或疾病解决方面延迟，而且目前还没有准确、标准化、商业化的美国食品和药物管理局批准的诊断方法。红霉素、四环素和多西环素被用作一线治疗，尽管一些研究人员报告说，治疗由非典型病原体引起的CAP没有临床或生存益处。与此同时，充分的前瞻性研究遇到了伦理和逻辑上的障碍。尽管有这些限制，北美指南建议对急性肺炎C肺炎呼吸道感染的患者进行抗菌治疗。
Chlamydophila pneumoniae is estimated to cause about 10% of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) cases and 5% of bronchitis cases, although most patients with C pneumoniae infection are asymptomatic, and the course of respiratory illness is relatively mild. The incubation period of C pneumoniae infection is around 21 days, and such symptoms as cough and malaise show a gradual onset, yet may persist for several weeks or months despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. Diagnosis by nasopharyngeal specimen culture, serum antibody titers, or molecular techniques is usually delayed with respect to the onset of symptoms, antibiotic treatment, or disease resolution and there is no accurate, standardized, commercial US Food and Drug Administration cleared diagnostic method available. Erythromycin, tetracycline, and doxycycline are used as first-line therapy, although some investigators report no clinical or survival benefits from treating CAP caused by atypical pathogens. Meanwhile, adequate prospective studies have met with ethical and logistic barriers. Despite these limitations, North American guidelines recommend the antimicrobial treatment of patients with acute C pneumoniae respiratory infection.