Divine Privilege of the Rich and Powerful? Seeking Healing of Illness by Presenting a Luxurious Gift
Divine Privilege of the Rich and Powerful? Seeking Healing of Illness by Presenting a Luxurious Gift
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富人和有权势的人的神圣特权？
DOI：
10.1163/9789004368088_019
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Oshima with G. van Buylaere
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Oshima with G. van Buylaere
古代的美索不达米亚人把疾病，就像其他的逆境一样，看作是神圣的惩罚；是对恶灵、幽灵、巫术等恶毒实体的抓获；或者是两者的结合。1为了治疗病人，有学问的专家首先必须确定疾病的性质，并决定适当的治疗。他们的诊断不仅依赖于对症状的观察，还取决于患者周围的因素，包括专家在前往患者家中的途中观察到的动物的行为，患者做梦的情况，鸟类的叫声，以及星星的移动。人们可能会发现，根据专家在去看病人的路上目睹的事件或恒星的运动来进行诊断的想法是不合理的，也是不科学的。然而，正如N.Heeçel在其他地方所示，专家们必须确定“疾病的名称、其神圣的传播者、疾病的发展和病人康复的机会”，2这些迹象是*我们要感谢柏林Vorderasiatisches博物馆的前馆长Joachim Marzahn教授，他允许Oshima在2004年和2009年复制和整理增值税10122。我们要感谢米科·卢科博士、约拉姆·科恩教授和尼尔斯·希埃尔教授阅读了我们的手稿并提供了富有洞察力的评论。我们也感谢桑迪·罗杰斯女士编辑了我们的英语。我们遵循《芝加哥亚述词典》的缩写系统
TheancientMesopotamiansregardedillnesses, likeotheradversities, asdivine punishment; as the seizure of malevolent entities such as evil spirits, ghosts, witchcraft; or as a combination of both. 1 In order to treat a patient, learned specialists first had to determine the nature of the illness and decide on the appropriate treatment. Their diagnosis relied not only on observation of the symptoms but also on elements of the patient’s surroundings, including the behaviour of animals that the specialists observed en route to the patient’s house, dreams dreamt by the patient, cries of birds, and movements of stars. One might find the idea of basing diagnoses on the events that the specialists witnessed on their way to the patient or on the movements of stars irrational and unscientific. However, as N. Heeßel shows elsewhere, the specialists had to identify “the name of the disease, its divine sender, the development of the disease, and the chances of the sick man’s recovery”, 2 and such signs were* We would like to thank Prof. Joachim Marzahn, the former curator of the Vorderasiatisches Museum in Berlin, for allowing Oshima to copy and collate VAT 10122 in 2004 and 2009. We would like to thank Dr. Mikko Luukko, Prof. Yoram Cohen and Prof. Nils Heeßel for reading our manuscript and offering insightful comments. We are also grateful to Ms. Sandy Rogers for editing our English. We follow the abbreviation system of the ChicagoAssyrianDictionary