Predicting an Athlete’s Physiological and Haematological Response to Live High-Train High Altitude Training Using a Hypoxic Sensitivity Test
Predicting an Athlete’s Physiological and Haematological Response to Live High-Train High Altitude Training Using a Hypoxic Sensitivity Test
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使用缺氧敏感性测试预测运动员对实时高强度高海拔训练的生理和血液反应
DOI：
10.1007/s42978-022-00167-z
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Maxwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Turner;Kate L. Spilsbury;David J Green;Barry W. Fudge;J. S. Pringle;A. Richardson;N. Maxwell
目的精英耐力跑者经常利用现场高训练（LHTH）海拔训练来提高海平面（SL）的耐力表现。对缺氧暴露反应的个体差异导致了相互矛盾的发现。在本案例研究中，记录了 4 周 LHTH 后总血红蛋白质量 (tHbmass) 和生理能力的变化。我们测试了低氧敏感性测试 (HST) 是否可以预测海拔引起的 LHTH 适应。方法 选择 15 名精英运动员完成为期 4 周的 LHTH（~ 2400 米）。运动员前往实验室进行初步测试（PRE），以确定乳酸阈值（LT）、乳酸转折点（LTP）、最大摄氧量VO2max和tHbmass。在 LHTH 期间，运动员完成每日生理测量 [动脉血氧饱和度 (SpO2) 和体重] 和主观健康问题。对于那些在 LHTH (POST) 后完成整个训练营的人，重复进行了测试。此外，运动员在 LHTH 之前完成 HST。结果发现，从 PRE 到 POST，平均 tHbmass (1.8%±±3.4%)、VO2max(2.7%±±3.4%)、LT (6.1%±±4.6%) 和 LTP 存在差异 (P< 0.05)。 (5.4%±3.8%)，4 周 LHTH 后。 HST 显示静息时氧饱和度 (ΔSpr) 的降低和静息时较高的缺氧通气反应 (HVRr) 预测了个体 tHbmass 的变化。较低的静息时缺氧心脏反应 (HCRr) 和较高的 HVRr 可以预测个体变化最大摄氧量。结论在 2400 米~2400 米处进行四周的 LHTH 可以增加精英耐力跑运动员的 tHb 质量并增强生理能力。没有观察到这些变化与基线特征、LHTH 前血清铁蛋白水平或报告的肌肉骨骼损伤或疾病事件之间的关系。然而，HST 确实估计了 tHbmass 和 VO2max 的变化。 LHTH 之前的 HST 可以让教练和从业者更好地了解高原耐力跑者的适应策略和训练负荷应用。
PurposeElite endurance runners frequently utilise live high-train high (LHTH) altitude training to improve endurance performance at sea level (SL). Individual variability in response to the hypoxic exposure have resulted in contradictory findings. In the present case study, changes in total haemoglobin mass (tHbmass) and physiological capacity, in response to 4-weeks of LHTH were documented. We tested if a hypoxic sensitivity test (HST) could predict altitude-induced adaptations to LHTH.MethodsFifteen elite athletes were selected to complete 4-weeks of LHTH (~ 2400 m). Athletes visited the laboratory for preliminary testing (PRE), to determine lactate threshold (LT), lactate turn point (LTP), maximal oxygen uptake VO2maxand tHbmass. During LHTH, athletes completed daily physiological measures [arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and body mass] and subjective wellbeing questions. Testing was repeated, for those who completed the full camp, post-LHTH (POST). Additionally, athletes completed the HST prior to LHTH.ResultsA difference (P< 0.05) was found from PRE to POST in average tHbmass (1.8% ± 3.4%), VO2max(2.7% ± 3.4%), LT (6.1% ± 4.6%) and LTP (5.4% ± 3.8%), after 4-weeks LHTH. HST revealed a decrease in oxygen saturation at rest (ΔSpr) and higher hypoxic ventilatory response at rest (HVRr) predicted individual changes tHbmass. Lower hypoxic cardiac response at rest (HCRr) and higher HVRrpredicted individual changes VO2max.ConclusionFour weeks of LHTH at ~ 2400 m increased tHbmass and enhanced physiological capacity in elite endurance runners. There was no observed relationship between these changes and baseline characteristics, pre-LHTH serum ferritin levels, or reported incidents of musculoskeletal injury or illness. The HST did however, estimate changes in tHbmass and VO2max. HST prior to LHTH could allow coaches and practitioners to better inform the acclimatisation strategies and training load application of endurance runners at altitude.