The Gender‐Equality Paradox: Class and Incongruity Between Work‐Family Attitudes and Behaviors
The Gender‐Equality Paradox: Class and Incongruity Between Work‐Family Attitudes and Behaviors
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性别平等悖论：工作与家庭态度和行为之间的阶级和不一致
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Margaret L. Usdansky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margaret L. Usdansky
大多数处于社会阶级连续体高端的女性和男性都表示更希望平等地分享有偿和无偿劳动，而受教育程度较低、职业技能较低、收入较少的夫妇往往对专门的性别角色表现出更大的热情。但许多夫妇的行为并不完全符合他们的态度，从而导致他们意外地过着平等或不平等的生活。我认为，这种性别平等的悖论是由社会结构相关的工作和家庭的组织，作为有力的反作用力的态度。在回顾了有关社会阶级、性别平等主义态度和行为的文献之后，我发展了一种生活和口头性别平等主义理论来解释这些模式。
Most women and men at the upper end of the social-class continuum express greater desire to share paid and unpaid labor equally, whereas less educated couples with less skilled occupations and less money tend to voice more enthusiasm for specialized gender roles. But the behavior of many couples does not align fully with their attitudes, thus leading them to live unexpectedly egalitarian or nonegalitarian lives. I argue that this gender-equality paradox is explained by social structures related to the organization of work and family that act as potent counterforces to attitudes. After reviewing the literature on social class, gender-egalitarian attitudes, and behavior, I develop a theory of lived and spoken gender egalitarianism to explain these patterns.