Freak waves under typhoon conditions
Freak waves under typhoon conditions
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台风条件下的怪浪
DOI：
10.1029/2011jc007788
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mori;N
本杰明-费尔指数（BFI）和方向扩散是非线性四波相互作用的度量，也是畸形波可能条件的合成指数。利用台风条件下的谱波模式数值模拟研究了BFI和方向传播的时空分布。台风眼附近的有效波高、波周期、BFI和方向传播等波特征的空间分布各不相同。在台风的第四象限，BFI明显较大，而波浪陡峭，频率和方向谱较窄。由非线性四波相互作用产生的畸形波在台风的第四象限比其他象限更有可能发生。此外，可以在台风眼后观察到来自两个风浪系统的交叉海况。交叉的双风系统也是危险的海况，尽管如观察到的，它们更接近线性波浪条件。最后，用实测资料验证了台风过程中可能出现的异常波浪条件的特征。
Benjamin‐Feir Index (BFI) and directional spread are measures of nonlinear four‐wave interactions and resultant indices of possible conditions for freak waves. Temporal‐spatial distributions of BFI and directional spread are examined with numerical simulations of a spectral wave model using typhoon conditions. The spatial distributions of wave characteristics such as significant wave height, wave period, BFI and directional spread are different from each other around the eye of the typhoon. BFI is significantly large in the fourth quadrant of the typhoon, while waves are steep and have narrow frequencies and directional spectra. Freak waves resulting from nonlinear four‐wave‐wave interactions have a greater potential of occurring in the fourth quadrant of the typhoon than in the other quadrants. Furthermore, crossing sea states from two‐wind‐wave systems can be observed behind the eye of the typhoon. The crossing, two‐wind systems are also dangerous sea states, although as observed, they are closer to linear wave conditions. Finally, the characteristics of possible freak wave conditions during typhoons are verified with field data.