Contribution of human melanopsin retinal ganglion cells to steady-state pupil responses
Contribution of human melanopsin retinal ganglion cells to steady-state pupil responses
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2010.0330
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发表时间：
2010-08-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Yunokuchi, Kazutomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsujimura, Sei-ichi;Ukai, Kazuhiko;Yunokuchi, Kazutomo
最近发现的含有黑视素的视网膜神经节细胞（mRGCs）导致了对非图像形成处理的基本重新评估，例如昼夜光诱导和瞳孔光反射。在视网膜生理学的传统观点中，视杆细胞和视锥细胞被认为是眼睛中唯一的光感受器，因此被认为负责非图像处理。然而，来自mRGC的信号与视锥介导的亮度信号一起沿着促成这种非图像形成处理;尽管两种信号都有贡献，但不清楚这些信号如何相加。我们设计并构建了一种新型的多初级刺激系统，在明亮稳定的背景下使用沉默取代技术独立于其他光感受器刺激mRGCs。该系统允许直接测量mRGC和视锥细胞的瞳孔功能。当我们单独改变mRGC的激发时，我们观察到稳态瞳孔直径的显著变化，而亮度和颜色没有变化。此外，由mRGC诱导的瞳孔直径的变化大于由单独的亮度变化诱导的瞳孔直径的变化：也就是说，对于明亮的稳定背景，mRGC信号对瞳孔通路的贡献比L-和M-视锥信号大三倍。
The recent discovery of melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) has led to a fundamental reassessment of non-image forming processing, such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex. In the conventional view of retinal physiology, rods and cones were assumed to be the only photoreceptors in the eye and were, therefore, considered responsible for non-image processing. However, signals from mRGCs contribute to this non-image forming processing along with cone-mediated luminance signals; although both signals contribute, it is unclear how these signals are summed. We designed and built a novel multi-primary stimulation system to stimulate mRGCs independently of other photoreceptors using a silent-substitution technique within a bright steady background. The system allows direct measurements of pupillary functions for mRGCs and cones. We observed a significant change in steady-state pupil diameter when we varied the excitation of mRGC alone, with no change in luminance and colour. Furthermore, the change in pupil diameter induced by mRGCs was larger than that induced by a variation in luminance alone: that is, for a bright steady background, the mRGC signals contribute to the pupillary pathway by a factor of three times more than the L- and M-cone signals.