Net-zero greenhouse gas emission from wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, opportunities and perspectives
Net-zero greenhouse gas emission from wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, opportunities and perspectives
复制标题
废水处理温室气体净零排放：机制、机遇和前景
DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2023.113547
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发表时间：
2023-07-12
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Yiwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Yanying;Li, Yiming;Liu, Yiwen
净零排放和自持式碳中性在废水处理领域得到了广泛的鼓励和深入的探索，因为废水处理行业约占全球温室气体排放量的1.6%。然而，如何从生物的角度实现废水处理过程中温室气体的净零排放还是个空白。本文综述了废水处理中温室气体(一氧化二氮、甲烷和二氧化碳)的产生和排放现状。一般情况下，废水处理过程中排放的N2O占温室气体排放总量的大部分，而废水中溶解的N2O和CH4是进一步缓解温室气体排放的重要因素。根据新发现的能够以较少的温室气体排放实现脱氮的微生物群落，讨论了几种替代的温室气体缓解集成系统。将反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化与厌氧氨氧化工艺相结合，具有脱氮效果好、温室气体排放量低的特点，被认为是一种更有前途的温室气体减排一体化系统。此外，还展示了管理N2O和CH4作为能源的新战略，旨在抵消废水处理中的某些碳足迹，从而实现温室气体净零排放。此外，还讨论了上述一体化系统和战略的未来挑战和前景，以促进环境可持续废水处理的发展。最后，作为实现废水处理温室气体净零排放的范例，提出了一种集减排和能量回收于一体的混合系统。
Net-zero emission and self-sustaining carbon-neutral have been widely encouraged and intensively explored in wastewater treatment, as the wastewater industry accounts for approximately 1.6% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, how to achieve net-zero GHG emission in wastewater treatment from a biological standpoint is still lacking. In this paper, the status of GHG (i.e. nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)) production and emission in wastewater treatment was comprehensively reviewed. Generally, N2O emission contributes the majority of the total GHG emissions from wastewater treatment, and the dissolved N2O and CH4 in the effluent should be paid more attention for the further GHG mitigation. Based on the newly identified microbial communities capable of nitrogen removal with less GHG emissions, several alternative integration systems for GHG mitigation were discussed. Coupling denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation with anammox process shows high nitrogen removal performance and low GHG emissions, which is regarded as a more promising integration system for GHG mitigation. Moreover, the novel strategies to manage N2O and CH4 as energy sources were also demonstrated, aiming to offset certain carbon footprint in wastewater treatment and thus attain net-zero GHG emission. In addition, future challenges and perspectives of above integration systems and strategies were discussed to facilitate the development of environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment. Finally, a prospective hybrid system integrating emission reduction and energy recovery was proposed as an example for achieving net-zero GHG emission from wastewater treatment.