Dampened autonomic nervous system responses to stress and substance use in adolescence.
Dampened autonomic nervous system responses to stress and substance use in adolescence.
复制标题
青春期自主神经系统对压力和物质使用的反应受到抑制。
DOI：
10.1002/smi.3173
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Deardorff,Julianna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rahal,Danny;Alkon,Abbey;Shirtcliff,Elizabeth;Gonzales,Nancy;Fuligni,Andrew;Eskenazi,Brenda;Deardorff,Julianna
我们调查了墨西哥裔青少年在14岁时对社会评估威胁的副交感和交感神经系统(SNS)反应是否与14岁至16岁期间使用的物质数量有关(N=8243；70.4%到14岁从未使用过物质)。参与者完成Trier社会应激测试，同时分别使用呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)和射血前期(PEP)连续测量副交感神经和SNS活动的心脏指标。参与者报告了他们在14岁和16岁时是否吸食过酒精、大麻和香烟，以及是否在一生中蒸发过尼古丁。多水平模型被用来测试14岁时RSA和PEP反应与16岁时药物使用之间的关联。在14岁之前没有使用过物质的年轻人中，14岁时RSA和PEP反应减弱，RSA和PEP之间的SNS相互作用较低的情况与16岁时使用物质有关。在14岁之前使用药物的年轻人中，夸大的PEP反应与16岁时使用更多物质有关。综上所述，对预测在两年内开始使用物质的社会评估威胁的自主神经反应减弱，生理反应的协调困难可能会增加青春期使用药物的风险。
We investigated whether parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) responses to social‐evaluative threat at age 14 were related to the number of substances used between ages 14 and 16 among Mexican‐origin adolescents (N= 243; 70.4% had never used substances by 14). Participants completed the Trier Social Stress Test, while cardiac measures of parasympathetic and SNS activity were measured continuously using respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre‐ejection period (PEP), respectively. Participants reported whether they had ever used alcohol, marijuana, and cigarettes, and had ever vaped nicotine in their lifetime at ages 14 and 16. Multilevel models were used to test associations between RSA and PEP responses at age 14 and substance use at 16. Among youth who had not used substances by 14, dampened RSA and PEP responses, and profiles of greater coinhibition and lower reciprocal SNS activation between RSA and PEP, at age 14 were associated with using substances by 16. Among youth who used by 14, exaggerated PEP responses were associated with using more substances by age 16. Taken together, dampened autonomic responses to social‐evaluative threat predicted initiation of substance use over two years, and difficulties with coordination of physiological responses may confer risk for substance use in adolescence.