The (in)securitization practices of the three universes of EU border control: Military/Navy - border guards/police - database analysts
The (in)securitization practices of the three universes of EU border control: Military/Navy - border guards/police - database analysts
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DOI：
10.1177/0967010614530459
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Bigo, Didier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bigo, Didier
在欧盟，哪些证券化实践涉及边境和边境控制的概念？这些实践是如何运作的？它们是如何组装的？在最终的组合中，边界的概念——被理解为国家边界——是否仍然与控制跨越欧盟边境的个人和人口有关？根据经验观察，并特别关注边境控制如何转化为不同的社会领域，本文试图表明，控制实践通常嵌入在实际意义上，告知控制边界的作用和意义。这种实际意义本身是由不同的专业习惯和工作程序所决定的，这些习惯和工作程序涉及威慑和使用武力、审讯和拘留、对流动人口的监视以及对（不）信任的旅行者的概况分析。它的强度与大多数运营商共享的维度有关，并根据边界的重要性以及部署的当地环境进行调整。它激活或不激活各种控制技术的最大使用（卫星，国家和私人官僚机构之间的预登记和可互操作的数据交换，生物识别标识符，身体扫描仪）。为了理解（in）证券化的实践，实际的工作惯例和特定的专业“倾向”因此比行动者可能用来证明其活动的任何话语都重要。
What practices of (in) securitization involve the notions of border and border control in the European Union? How do these practices operate? How are they assembled? In the resulting assemblage, is the notion of borders - understood as state borders - still relevant for the control of individuals and populations moving across the frontiers of the EU? Drawing on empirical observations and with a specific focus on how border control is translated into different social universes, this article seeks to show that practices of control are routinely embedded in a practical sense that informs what controlling borders does and means. This practical sense is itself informed by different professional habitus and work routines involving deterrence and the use of force, interrogation and detention, surveillance of populations on the move and the profiling of (un)trusted travellers. Its strength varies in relation to its shared dimension by most of the operators, and is adjusted to the materiality of borders as well as to the local contexts in which it is deployed. It activates, or does not activate, the maximal use of various control technologies (satellites, pre-registration and interoperable exchange of data between the state and private bureaucracies, biometrics identifiers, body-scanners). For understanding practices of (in) securitization, actual work routines and the specific professional 'dispositions' are therefore more important than any discourses actors may use to justify their activities.