A High-Resolution, Precipitable Water Vapor Monitoring System Using a Dense Network of GNSS Receivers
A High-Resolution, Precipitable Water Vapor Monitoring System Using a Dense Network of GNSS Receivers
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DOI：
10.20965/jdr.2013.p0037
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Kazutoshi Sato;E. Realini;T. Tsuda;Masanori Oigawa;Yuya Iwaki;Y. Shoji;H. Seko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kazutoshi Sato;E. Realini;T. Tsuda;Masanori Oigawa;Yuya Iwaki;Y. Shoji;H. Seko
这项工作描述了一个系统，旨在通过一个密集的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）接收器网络的可降水量（PWV）的近实时监测。这些接收器部署在日本京都大学宇治校区周围，水平间距为1-2 km。使用标准GPS气象学技术观测到的PWV，即，通过使用低海拔截止点以上的所有卫星，对无线电探空仪和辐射计测量进行了验证。结果是约2 mm的RMS差异。通过选择靠近无线电探空仪或辐射计测量方向的单个GPS倾斜延迟来进行更严格的验证，并获得更高的准确度。这种方法还可以保留标准技术中由于几个倾斜延迟的平均而丢失的短期波动。PWV观测的地质统计学分析表明，它们在感兴趣的区域内是空间相关的;这证实了这样一个密集的网络可以检测到水蒸气的不均匀分布。PWV水平分辨率通过仅使用高仰角卫星而得到提高，目的是最大限度地利用未来的准天顶卫星系统（QZSS），该系统将持续提供至少一颗接近日本上空天顶的卫星。
This work describes a system aimed at the near real-time monitoring of precipitable water vapor (PWV) by means of a dense network of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. These receivers are deployed with a horizontal spacing of 1–2 km around the Uji campus of Kyoto University, Japan. The PWV observed using a standard GPS meteorology technique, i.e., by using all satellites above a low elevation cutoff, is validated against radiosonde and radiometer measurements. The result is a RMS difference of about 2 mm. A more rigorous validation is done by selecting single GPS slant delays as they pass close to the radiosonde or the radiometer measuring directions, and higher accuracy is obtained. This method also makes it possible to preserve short-term fluctuations that are lost in the standard technique due to the averaging of several slant delays. Geostatistical analysis of the PWV observations shows that they are spatially correlated within the area of interest; this confirms that such a dense network can detect inhomogeneous distributions in water vapor. The PWV horizontal resolution is improved by using high-elevation satellites only, with the aim of exploiting at best the future Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), which will continuously provide at least one satellite close to the zenith over Japan.