ALLOMOTHERING AMONG AFRICAN ELEPHANTS
ALLOMOTHERING AMONG AFRICAN ELEPHANTS
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DOI：
10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80234-8
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发表时间：
1987-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
LEE, PC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LEE, PC
大象，非洲象，小牛出生在稳定的家庭单位，与各种伙伴，他们可以互动。在已知血统和幼象年龄的大象种群中，发现幼象和其他大象之间的互动很频繁，包括放松，友好的问候和调查他人或在幼象受到威胁或痛苦时提供帮助。少年和青少年女性安慰，协助和保护小牛，这些女性被定义为allomothers。异源异形体往往是家庭成员，但并不总是兄弟姐妹。西雅特保持密切接近小牛，而小牛防御也涉及不太密切相关的家庭成员。在家庭内部尽早建立密切的照顾关系，随着时间的推移，可能会增强家庭的稳定性。非母亲哺乳小牛是极其罕见的，不太可能提高小牛的营养摄入量。
Elephant, Loxodonta africana, calves are born into stable family units, with a variety of partners with whom they can interact. In a population of elephants with known lineages and calf ages, interactions between calves and other elephants were found to be frequent and consisted of either relaxed, friendly greetings and investigations of others or assistance when calves were threatened or distressed. Juvenile and adolescent females comforted, assisted and protected calves; these females were defined as allomothers. Allomothers tended to be family members but were not always siblings. Siblings maintained close proximity to calves while calf defence also involved less closely related family members. The early establishment of close caretaking relationships within families may act to enhance the stability of the family through time. Suckling of calves by non-mothers was extremely rare, and unlikely to enhance the nutritional intake of calves.