Gender similarities in doctors' preferences - and gender differences in final specialisation
Gender similarities in doctors' preferences - and gender differences in final specialisation
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00054-5
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Gjerberg, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gjerberg, E
本文基于一项关于挪威医生在专业招聘和专业过渡方面的性别差异和相似之处的职业历史研究。一份关于职业和家族史的调查问卷寄给了1980-1983年期间获得授权的所有挪威医生。描述性统计和Logistic回归被用来描述和分析他们开始职业生涯所在专业的专业化完成情况。生存分析被用来分析医学专业之间的过渡。这一发现显然与男性占主导地位的医学领域中女性比例较低的观点相矛盾，这反映出女性对外科和内科等专业缺乏兴趣。女性和男性一样有可能在这些领域开始自己的职业生涯。问题是他们没有完成专业培训。完成外科专业培训的男性比例远远高于女性。造成这种情况的原因很复杂。繁重的工作量、繁重的职责和“随叫随到的夜晚”让女性很难将育儿和工作结合起来，并使她们转向其他专业。此外，与其他医学专业的女性相比，外科和内科的女性专家推迟了第一个孩子的生育。然而，一些妇女从外科转到妇产科--这一专业在相当程度上在职责和工作量方面与外科不相上下--这一事实表明，将育儿和医院职业结合起来的结构性障碍不能完全解释妇女的流动。一些医生在这项研究和其他研究中指出，外科手术中可能存在其他闭合机制，这一点必须进一步探讨。(C)2002爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
This article is based on a career history study of gender differences and similarities in recruitment to and transitions between specialities among Norwegian doctors. A questionnaire on career and family history was sent to all Norwegian doctors authorised in 1980-1983. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe and analyse completion of specialisation in the specialty in which they started their career. Survival analysis was used to analyse transitions between medical specialities. The findings clearly contradict the idea that the low proportion of women in male dominated areas of medicine reflects women's lack of interest in specialities like surgery and internal medicine. Women were as likely as men to start their career in these fields. The problem is their not completing specialist training. A far higher proportion of men than women completed their specialist training in surgery. The reasons for this are complex. Heavy work loads with duties and "nights on call" make it difficult for women to combine childcare and work and make them change to other specialities. Also, female specialists in surgery and internal medicine postpone having their first child compared to women in other medical specialities. However, the fact that some women change from surgery to gynaecology and obstetrics, a specialty which to a considerable extent are comparable with surgery with regard to duty and work loads, indicate that structural barriers in combining childcare and a hospital career do not fully explain the flux of women. The possible existence of other closure mechanisms in surgery, as indicated by some doctors in this and in other studies, have to be further explored. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.