Measuring single constructs by single items: Constructing an even shorter version of the "Short Five" personality inventory
Measuring single constructs by single items: Constructing an even shorter version of the "Short Five" personality inventory
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0182714
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发表时间：
2017-08-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Walkowitz, Gari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Konstabel, Kenn;Lonnqvist, Jan-Erik;Walkowitz, Gari
这项研究的目的是编制一份简短的30项人格调查表，在内容和得分的意义方面，尽可能与较长的、完善的调查表（如近地天体PI-R及其克隆物）具有可比性。为此，我们将以前构建的60个项目的“短五”（S5）缩短了一半，以便每个子量表都由一个项目表示。我们比较了选择30个项目的所有可能性（在五因素模型的每个域中保持平衡键控）与成熟量表的相关性，自我-同伴相关性和含义的清晰度，并为每个域选择了最佳组合。使用来自6个不同国家（爱沙尼亚、芬兰、英国、德国、西班牙和中国）学生样本的数据以及芬兰代表性样本，将由此产生的缩短问卷XS 5与原始S5进行比较。XS 5领域量表与成熟量表的较长对应量表之间的相关性在0.74至0.84之间;与完整版S5的等效相关性或NEO PI-R的元分析短期可靠性系数之间的差异不大。在预测外部标准（情绪体验和自我报告的行为）方面，XS 5，S5和更长的成熟量表之间没有重要差异。控制默许并没有提高预测的标准，自我同行的相关性，或相关性与较长的规模，但它确实提高了内部的可靠性，并在一些分析，可比性的主成分结构。XS 5可以被推荐作为领域尺度水平上人格五因素模型的经济指标;它具有合理的心理测量学特性，与较长的成熟尺度具有公平的相关性，并且它可以预测情感体验和自我报告的行为，并不比S5差。当分量表是必不可少的，我们仍然建议使用S5的完整版本。
The aim of this study was to construct a short, 30-item personality questionnaire that would be, in terms of content and meaning of the scores, as comparable as possible with longer, well-established inventories such as NEO PI-R and its clones. To do this, we shortened the formerly constructed 60-item "Short Five" (S5) by half so that each subscale would be represented by a single item. We compared all possibilities of selecting 30 items (preserving balanced keying within each domain of the five-factor model) in terms of correlations with well-established scales, self-peer correlations, and clarity of meaning, and selected an optimal combination for each domain. The resulting shortened questionnaire, XS5, was compared to the original S5 using data from student samples in 6 different countries (Estonia, Finland, UK, Germany, Spain, and China), and a representative Finnish sample. The correlations between XS5 domain scales and their longer counterparts from well-established scales ranged from 0.74 to 0.84; the difference from the equivalent correlations for full version of S5 or from meta-analytic short-term dependability coefficients of NEO PI-R was not large. In terms of prediction of external criteria (emotional experience and self-reported behaviours), there were no important differences between XS5, S5, and the longer well-established scales. Controlling for acquiescence did not improve the prediction of criteria, self-peer correlations, or correlations with longer scales, but it did improve internal reliability and, in some analyses, comparability of the principal component structure. XS5 can be recommended as an economic measure of the five-factor model of personality at the level of domain scales; it has reasonable psychometric properties, fair correlations with longer well-established scales, and it can predict emotional experience and self-reported behaviours no worse than S5. When subscales are essential, we would still recommend using the full version of S5.