Racial and socioeconomic disparities in residential proximity to polluting industrial facilities: evidence from the Americans' Changing Lives Study.
Racial and socioeconomic disparities in residential proximity to polluting industrial facilities: evidence from the Americans' Changing Lives Study.
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2007.131383
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发表时间：
2009-11
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Mero RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohai P;Lantz PM;Morenoff J;House JS;Mero RP
我们试图证明在定量环境正义分析中使用个人水平调查数据的优势，并提供有关污染工业设施分布中种族和社会经济差异的新证据。美国人改变生活研究的基线样本中的20%的受访者和环境保护局有毒物质释放清单中的污染工业设施进行了地理编码，允许评估受访者的家庭和污染设施之间的距离。种族和其他社会人口特征与居住在污染设施1英里（1.6公里）内之间的关联通过逻辑回归进行估计。黑人和受教育程度较低的受访者，在较小程度上，收入水平较低的受访者更有可能生活在污染设施一英里内。在中西部和西部的大都市地区以及南部的郊区，种族差异尤其明显。我们的研究结果增加了历史记录，表明美国人口暴露于环境危害的显着差异，并提供了一个范式，研究随着时间的推移与健康的联系变化。
We sought to demonstrate the advantages of using individual-level survey data in quantitative environmental justice analyses and to provide new evidence regarding racial and socioeconomic disparities in the distribution of polluting industrial facilities. Addresses of respondents in the baseline sample of the Americans’ Changing Lives Study and polluting industrial facilities in the Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxic Release Inventory were geocoded, allowing assessments of distances between respondents’ homes and polluting facilities. The associations between race and other sociodemographic characteristics and living within 1 mile (1.6 km) of a polluting facility were estimated via logistic regression. Blacks and respondents at lower educational levels and, to a lesser degree, lower income levels were significantly more likely to live within a mile of a polluting facility. Racial disparities were especially pronounced in metropolitan areas of the Midwest and West and in suburban areas of the South. Our results add to the historical record demonstrating significant disparities in exposures to environmental hazards in the US population and provide a paradigm for studying changes over time in links to health.