Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan): a review
Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan): a review
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DOI：
10.17221/1930-vetmed
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Kolar, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Necas, J.;Bartosikova, L.;Kolar, J.
透明质酸(HA)是1934年由卡尔·迈耶和他的助手约翰·帕尔默在牛眼玻璃体中发现的一种高分子量生物多聚糖。透明质酸是一种天然存在的生物聚合物，在细菌和包括人类在内的高等动物中具有重要的生物学功能。它存在于大多数结缔组织中，尤其集中在滑液、眼部玻璃体液、脐带和鸡冠中。它是由一种称为透明质酸合成酶的完整膜蛋白自然合成的，并被一种称为透明质酸酶的酶家族降解。本文综述了透明质酸的代谢、不同的生理和病理功能、基本药理作用以及临床应用。
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight biopolysacharide, discovered in 1934, by Karl Meyer and his assistant, John Palmer in the vitreous of bovine eyes. Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring biopolymer, which has important biological functions in bacteria and higher animals including humans. It is found in most connective tissues and is particularly concentrated in synovial fluid, the vitreous fluid of the eye, umbilical cords and chicken combs. It is naturally synthesized by a class of integral membrane proteins called hyaluronan synthases, and degraded by a family of enzymes called hyaluronidases. This review describes metabolisms, different physiological and pathological functions, basic pharmacological properties, and the clinical use of hyaluronic acid.