CONSERVED AND EXAPTED FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEAR RECEPTORS IN ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT.
CONSERVED AND EXAPTED FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEAR RECEPTORS IN ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT.
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DOI：
10.11131/2017/101305
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wightman, Bruce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bodofsky, Shari;Koitz, Francine;Wightman, Bruce
核受体基因家族包括 18 个成员，这些成员在多个不同的动物门中广泛保守，表明它们的进化起源可以追溯到动物生命出现的时间。典型的核受体包含两个主要结构域：DNA 结合结构域和可结合亲脂性激素的 C 末端结构域。许多核受体在动物发育中发挥着不同的作用，包括协调生命周期事件和细胞分化。经过充分研究的果蝇、线虫和小鼠遗传模型系统可以评估发育中的核受体功能在动物进化过程中保守或适应（重新利用）的程度。虽然有一些保守功能和途径的具体例子，但也有许多明显的外延适应例子。总体而言，外适应的进化主题似乎比严格的功能保护更受青睐。尽管 DNA 结合结构域序列和活性具有很强的保守性，但核受体被证明是动物发育的高度灵活的调节剂。
The nuclear receptor gene family includes 18 members that are broadly conserved among multiple disparate animal phyla, indicating that they trace their evolutionary origins to the time at which animal life arose. Typical nuclear receptors contain two major domains: a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal domain that may bind a lipophilic hormone. Many of these nuclear receptors play varied roles in animal development, including coordination of life cycle events and cellular differentiation. The well-studied genetic model systems of Drosophila, C. elegans, and mouse permit an evaluation of the extent to which nuclear receptor function in development is conserved or exapted (repurposed) over animal evolution. While there are some specific examples of conserved functions and pathways, there are many clear examples of exaptation. Overall, the evolutionary theme of exaptation appears to be favored over strict functional conservation. Despite strong conservation of DNA-binding domain sequences and activity, the nuclear receptors prove to be highly-flexible regulators of animal development.