Cerebrovascular Changes in a Rat Model of Moderate Closed-Head Injury
Cerebrovascular Changes in a Rat Model of Moderate Closed-Head Injury
复制标题
DOI：
10.1089/neu.1991.8.129
复制
发表时间：
1991-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Murphy, Sharon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldman, Harold;Hodgson, Voigt;Murphy, Sharon
我们已经开发和测试了大鼠（Wistar）模型的中度脑震荡。脑震荡是由可控制的和可重复的机械固定的闭合性头部损伤引起的。在该模型中，中度脑震荡的特征在于4至10分钟的无意识，没有颅骨骨折或脑挫伤，以及很少（如果有的话）急性神经系统症状。到损伤后2小时，随后的创伤进一步特征在于脑血管通透性的区域性和整体性增加以及脑血流量的减少。这种变化伴随着脑肿胀和两个阶段的颅内压升高;一个持续约5小时，峰值约为10 mmHg，另一个持续3天以上，峰值约为30 mmHg。伤后3 ~ 4天检测到的局部神经组织学损伤大部分与局部通透性和血流的早期变化相关。在许多前脑位置，特别是在额叶（政变）和内嗅（contre coup）皮质，可以发现以斑片状神经元变性为特征的显著形态学变化。这些观察结果在人类头部创伤中有重要的相似之处，并表明这种可靠的生理模型可能是一种有用的，相对简单和廉价的工具，用于研究头部创伤的机制和治疗。
We have developed and tested a rat (Wistar) model of moderate concussion. Concussion is produced by controlled and repeatable mechanical fixed, closed-head injury. Moderate concussion in this model is characterized by 4 to 10 minutes of unconsciousness, absence of skull fractures or brain contusions, and few, if any, acute neurologic symptoms. By 2 hours postinjury, the subsequent trauma is further characterized by regional and global increases in cerebrovascular permeability and decreases in cerebral blood flow. Such changes are accompanied by brain swelling and two phases of elevated intracranial pressure; one lasting about 5 hours with a peak of aboui 10 mmHg, the other lasting more than 3 days postinjury with a peak of about 30 mmHg. Regional neurohistologic damage detected between 3 and 4 days postinjury correlates for the most part with earlier changes in regional permeability and blood flow. Significant morphologic changes which are characterized by patchy neuronal degeneration can be found in numerous forebrain locations, particularly in the frontal (coup) and entorhinal (contre coup) cortices. These observations have important parallels in human head trauma and suggest that this reliable physiological model may be a useful, relatively simple and inexpensive tool for investigating the mechanisms and therapeutics of head trauma.