Estrogen-receptor-mediated protection of cerebral endothelial cell viability and mitochondrial function after ischemic insult in vitro.

Estrogen-receptor-mediated protection of cerebral endothelial cell viability and mitochondrial function after ischemic insult in vitro.
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DOI:
10.1038/jcbfm.2009.226
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发表时间:
2010-03
期刊:
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
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雌激素对实验性中风和神经元缺血性损伤的保护作用已得到充分证实,但雌激素是否能预防脑内皮细胞(神经血管单位的关键组成部分)的缺血性损伤尚不清楚。越来越多的证据表明雌激素通过线粒体机制发挥保护作用。我们以前发现17β-雌二醇(E2)可以提高线粒体效率,减少脑血管和内皮细胞中的线粒体超氧化物。因此,我们假设E2可以保护线粒体功能,保护脑内皮细胞免受缺血性损伤。为了测试这一点,将体外缺血模型,氧-葡萄糖剥夺(OGD)/再灌注,应用于永生化小鼠脑内皮细胞(bEnd 3)。OGD/再灌注诱导的细胞死亡,防止长期(24,48小时),但不是短期(0.5,12小时)预处理与10 nM E2。E2对内皮细胞活力的保护作用可通过选择性雌激素受体(ER)激动剂(PPT)模拟,但不能通过选择性雌激素受体(ER)激动剂(DPN)模拟。此外,E2显着降低线粒体超氧化物和保护线粒体膜电位和ATP水平在早期阶段的OGD/再灌注。ER拮抗剂ICI-182,780可阻断E2的上述作用。这些结果表明,E2可以通过ER介导的机制保护内皮细胞线粒体功能,并提供对缺血性损伤的保护。
Protective effects of estrogen against experimental stroke and neuronal ischemic insult are well-documented, but it is not known if estrogen prevents ischemic injury to brain endothelium, a key component of the neurovascular unit. Increasing evidence indicates estrogen exerts protective effects through mitochondrial mechanisms. We previously found 17β-estradiol (E2) improves mitochondrial efficiency and reduces mitochondrial superoxide in brain blood vessels and endothelial cells. Thus we hypothesized E2 will preserve mitochondrial function and protect brain endothelial cells against ischemic damage. To test this, an in vitro ischemic model, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)/reperfusion, was applied to immortalized mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd3). OGD/reperfusion-induced cell death was prevented by long-term (24, 48 h), but not short-term (0.5, 12 h) pretreatment with 10 nM E2. Protective effects of E2 on endothelial cell viability were mimicked by an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist selective for ERα (PPT), but not one selective for ERβ (DPN). In addition, E2 significantly decreased mitochondrial superoxide and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels in early stages of OGD/reperfusion. All of the E2 effects were blocked by the ER antagonist, ICI-182,780. These findings indicate that E2 can preserve endothelial mitochondrial function and provide protection against ischemic injury through ER-mediated mechanisms.
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