Measuring silicate mineral dissolution rates using Si isotope doping

Measuring silicate mineral dissolution rates using Si isotope doping
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使用硅同位素掺杂测量硅酸盐矿物溶解速率

DOI:
10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.02.027
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Rimstidt, J. Donald
Rimstidt, J. Donald
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhu, Chen;Liu, Zhaoyun;Zhang, Yilun;Wang, Chao;Scheafer, Augustus;Lu, Peng;Zhang, Guanru;Georg, R. Bastian;Yuan, Hong-lin;Rimstidt, J. Donald

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新的实验数据和定量模型表明,29Si 掺杂实验技术(Gruber、Zhu 等,2013 年,GCA)即使在含 Si 次生相沉淀时也能有效测量硅酸盐矿物溶解速率。在这项研究中,钠长石溶解的批量实验是在环境温度和 pH 3-7.5 下进行的,其中一些实验添加了高岭石。各种Si浓度的初始溶液用29 Si掺杂,导致与天然Si同位素组成高度反常的Si同位素组成。同位素分数分析的同位素对比度和精度为 ± 0.0005 至 ± 0.001,可以检测水溶液中微量钠长石的溶解情况。实验数据和定量模型表明,钠长石溶解过程中的 Si 同位素分馏范围为 30εsol-ab− 2.870 至 0.804‰,对 Si 生物地球化学循环具有重要意义,但在速率测定中仅产生 <± 0.04% 的误差。第二相的同时沉淀消耗了二氧化硅,引起硅同位素比的轻微变化,但由于第二相沉淀引起的同位素分馏对于确定钠长石溶解速率来说可以忽略不计。通过硅同位素稀释法精确测量硅同位素和硅浓度,可以同时测定第二相沉淀速率。这意味着我们现在可以测量中性 pH 值附近和接近平衡条件下的速率,即使在二次沉淀物形成时也是如此。然而,虽然同位素掺杂方法极大地提高了速率测量的精度和灵敏度,但速率测量的准确性仍然受到样品制备的变化无常和其他未知影响的影响,如我们在 pH 5.5 附近的数据所示。当溶液非常接近平衡时,逆反应变得重要,同位素数据的解释将变得复杂或不可能。
New experimental data and quantitative models show that the29Si doping experimental technique (Gruber, Zhu, and others, 2013, GCA) is robust for measuring silicate mineral dissolution rates even while a Si-containing secondary phase is precipitating. In this study, batch experiments of albite dissolution were conducted under ambient temperature and pH 3–7.5, some seeded with kaolinite. Initial solutions of various Si concentrations were doped with29Si, resulting in a Si isotopic composition highly anomalous to natural Si isotope compositions. The isotopic contrast and precision of isotope fraction analysis to ± 0.0005 to ± 0.001 allow detection of the dissolution of a minuscule amount of albite in aqueous solutions. Experimental data and quantitative modeling show Si isotope fractionation during albite dissolution ranged from30εsol-ab− 2.870 to 0.804‰, significant for Si biogeochemical cycling, but resulting in only <± 0.04% errors in rate determination. The simultaneous precipitation of secondary phases consumed silica, causing slight changes of Si isotope ratios, but the isotopic fractionation due to secondary phase precipitation is negligible for determining albite dissolution rates. Combination of Si isotopes and Si concentrations, precisely measured with the Si isotope dilution method, allowed determination of secondary phase precipitation rates simultaneously. This means that we can now measure rates at circumneutral pH and near equilibrium conditions, even when secondary precipitates are forming. However, while the isotope doping method has greatly improved the precision and sensitivity of rate measurements, the accuracy of rate measurements is still subject to the vagaries of sample preparation and other unknown effects as shown our data near pH 5.5. When the solution is very close to equilibrium, the backward reaction becomes important and interpretation of the isotope data would be complicated or impossible.
硅同位素作为测量环境温度下硅酸盐矿物反应速率的新方法
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