Pulse-width modulated temporal interference (PWM-TI) brain stimulation.
Pulse-width modulated temporal interference (PWM-TI) brain stimulation.
复制标题
脉冲宽度调制时间干扰 (PWM-TI) 大脑刺激。
DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2023.12.010
复制
发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Luff CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luff CE
背景电刺激涉及两个不同kHz频率的正弦电场的时间干扰时间干扰（TI）通过创建在慢差频率下进行幅度调制的电场来实现非侵入性深部脑刺激在这里，我们使用方形而不是正弦曲线来研究时间干扰神经刺激，电场产生的电场是脉冲宽度，但不是幅度，调制在不同的频率（脉冲宽度调制的时间干扰，（PWM-TI））。方法/结果我们表明，使用离体单细胞记录和体内钙成像，PWM-TI有效地刺激神经活动在不同的频率在一个类似的效率，传统的TI。然后，我们证明，使用计算建模，PWM刺激波形诱导调幅膜电位去极化由于膜的固有的低通filteringproperty.ConclusionsPWM-TI可以有效地驱动在不同频率的神经活动。PWM-TI机制涉及通过被动神经膜的低通滤波将包络幅度固定的PWM场转换为幅度调制的膜电位。揭示支撑神经对复杂电场反应的生物物理学可能有助于开发具有更高精度和效率的新脑刺激策略。
BackgroundElectrical stimulation involving temporal interference of two different kHz frequency sinusoidal electric fields (temporal interference (TI)) enables non-invasive deep brain stimulation, by creating an electric field that is amplitude modulated at the slow difference frequency (within the neural range), at the target brain region.ObjectiveHere, we investigate temporal interference neural stimulation using square, rather than sinusoidal, electric fields that create an electric field that is pulse-width, but not amplitude, modulated at the difference frequency (pulse-width modulated temporal interference, (PWM-TI)).Methods/ResultsWe show, using ex-vivo single-cell recordings and in-vivo calcium imaging, that PWM-TI effectively stimulates neural activity at the difference frequency at a similar efficiency to traditional TI. We then demonstrate, using computational modelling, that the PWM stimulation waveform induces amplitude-modulated membrane potential depolarization due to the membrane's intrinsic low-pass filtering property.ConclusionsPWM-TI can effectively drive neural activity at the difference frequency. The PWM-TI mechanism involves converting an envelope amplitude-fixed PWM field to an amplitude-modulated membrane potential via the low-pass filtering of the passive neural membrane. Unveiling the biophysics underpinning the neural response to complex electric fields may facilitate the development of new brain stimulation strategies with improved precision and efficiency.