Spatial and temporal stress field changes in the focal area of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake, New Zealand: A multi-fault process interpretation
Spatial and temporal stress field changes in the focal area of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake, New Zealand: A multi-fault process interpretation
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2016年新西兰凯库拉地震震源区的时空应力场变化：多断层过程解释
DOI：
10.1016/j.tecto.2022.229390
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bannister, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsuno, Miu;Tagami, Ayaka;Okada, Tomomi;Matsumoto, Satoshi;Kawamura, Yuta;Iio, Yoshihisa;Sato, Tadashi;Nakayama, Takashi;Hirahara, Satoshi;Bannister, Stephen
为了了解多断层破裂发生时的应力控制，我们估计了2013年4月至2018年12月，即2016年11月13日新西兰发生的Mw7.8 Kaikōura地震前后的地壳应力。我们使用了来自临时地震台网的震源机制解和GeoNet矩张量解，并选择了与主震断层面和RAKE显著不同的解。然后，我们对选定的震源机制解进行了应力张量反演。利用应力张量反演结果，我们还计算了滑移趋势。在Kaikōura地震前，应力状态为走滑型，应力张量的最大本征值(σ1)方向为WNW-ESE。地震后应力场方向无明显变化。这表明Kaikōura地震期间的应力变化太小，不能改变应力方向，这意味着在Kaikōura地震之前可能存在很大的差异应力。然而，震后不同震群的平均应力比以两种不同的模式变化，这表明不同地区应力张量的不同分量或孔压的大小可能发生变化。Kaikō-ura地震断裂北端有低滑趋势，震中有高位移趋势。这可能表明，应力方向和应力比控制了多断层破裂的开始和结束。这些结果证实了以前的断层传播模型。
To understand the stress controls on the occurrence of a multi-fault rupture, we estimated the crustal stress between April 2013 to December 2018, i.e., before and after the Mw7.8 Kaikōura earthquake that occurred in New Zealand on 13 November 2016. We used both the focal mechanism solutions from the temporary seismic networks and the GeoNet moment tensor solutions and selected the solutions that differed significantly from the mainshock fault planes and rakes. Then, we performed stress tensor inversions for the selected focal mechanism solutions. Using the stress tensor inversion results, we also calculated the slip tendency. Prior to the Kaikōura earthquake, the stress regime was the strike-slip type, and the maximum eigenvalue of the stress tensor (σ1) was oriented WNW–ESE. The stress field orientation did not change significantly after the earthquake. This suggests that the stress change during the Kaikōura earthquake was too small to alter the stress orientations, implying that there may have been large differential stress prior to the Kaikōura earthquake. However, the average stress ratio in different clusters changed in two different patterns after the earthquake, suggesting possible changes in the magnitude of different components of the stress tensor, or of pore pressure in different regions. A high slip tendency was observed at the hypocentre, while a low slip tendency was observed at the northern end of the Kaikōura earthquake faults. This may suggest that the stress orientation and the stress ratio controlled the initiation and the end of the multi-fault rupture. These results corroborate previous fault propagation models.
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