Atypical Processing of Novel Distracters in a Visual Oddball Task in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Atypical Processing of Novel Distracters in a Visual Oddball Task in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
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DOI：
10.3390/bs7040079
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发表时间：
2017-11-16
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Casanova MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sokhadze EM;Lamina EV;Casanova EL;Kelly DP;Opris I;Khachidze I;Casanova MF
几项研究表明，患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的儿童在标准古怪任务中对靶点的P3b表现出异常。本研究采用三刺激性视觉古怪任务，在前额和顶叶位置对目标和非目标项目进行事件相关电位(ERP)分析。这项任务测试了一种假设，即自闭症儿童异常地将注意力集中在分心因素上，可能是因为对新奇事物的习惯受损。我们预测早期事件相关电位对靶点的选择性较低，经常出现非靶点和罕见的干扰因素。我们还预计自闭症患者延迟的迟发事件相关电位。这项研究招募了32名自闭症儿童和24名典型发育中(TD)儿童。以反应时(RT)和准确性为行为学指标，用密集阵列脑电系统记录事件相关电位。自闭症儿童的错误率较高，错误后反应时无标准减慢，错误相关负性较低。ASD组的顶叶P1、额叶N1以及P3a和P3b成分高于小说。外源性事件相关电位的增加表明，在刺激的前处理过程中选择性较低，导致刺激在后期过度加工。这些结果表明，当新的干扰刺激与目标相区分时，对无人注意的刺激的习惯性受损，在知觉、认知加工和反应选择的后期阶段会产生高负荷。
Several studies have shown that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show abnormalities in P3b to targets in standard oddball tasks. The present study employed a three-stimulus visual oddball task with novel distracters that analyzed event-related potentials (ERP) to both target and non-target items at frontal and parietal sites. The task tested the hypothesis that children with autism are abnormally orienting attention to distracters probably due to impaired habituation to novelty. We predicted a lower selectivity in early ERPs to target, frequent non-target, and rare distracters. We also expected delayed late ERPs in autism. The study enrolled 32 ASD and 24 typically developing (TD) children. Reaction time (RT) and accuracy were analyzed as behavioral measures, while ERPs were recorded with a dense-array EEG system. Children with ASD showed higher error rate without normative post-error RT slowing and had lower error-related negativity. Parietal P1, frontal N1, as well as P3a and P3b components were higher to novels in ASD. Augmented exogenous ERPs suggest low selectivity in pre-processing of stimuli resulting in their excessive processing at later stages. The results suggest an impaired habituation to unattended stimuli that incurs a high load at the later stages of perceptual and cognitive processing and response selection when novel distracter stimuli are differentiated from targets.