Oscillation physics with a neutrino factory
Oscillation physics with a neutrino factory
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中微子工厂的振荡物理
DOI：
10.5170/cern-2004-002.87
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. al.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Apollonio;E. al.
一代中微子实验已经确定中微子混合并可能具有质量。混合现象指向超越标准模型的过程，可能在大统一能量尺度上。精确测量中微子混合矩阵的所有参数需要一系列广泛的实验，最终发现和研究轻子CP破坏。作为第一步，扩展传统的π/K介子衰变光束，如离轴光束或低能超光束，已被认为是。这可能会产生在大气频率下的$\nu_\mu \到\nu_e$跃迁的第一次观测，这还没有被观测到，以及$\theta_{13}$的第一次测量。如果中微子是从储存粒子的衰变中获得的，那么可以设想有更好的通量控制的实验。其中一种可能性是放射性核衰变产生的β射束的概念，这是在这些研究的背景下发展起来的。这将提供一个几百MeV的纯（反）电子中微子束，并与高强度，低能量的传统束完美互补，使T破坏以及CP破坏的实验探针成为可能。最终，基于μ子存储环的中微子工厂将提供一套确定而完整的测量。这个强大的机器提供了最大范围的CP违规，即使是非常小的值$\theta_{13}$。
A generation of neutrino experiments have established that neutrinos mix and probably have mass. The mixing phenomenon points to processes beyond those of the Standard Model, possibly at the Grand Unification energy scale. A extensive sequence of of experiments will be required to measure precisely all the parameters of the neutrino mixing matrix, culminating with the discovery and study of leptonic CP violation. As a first step, extensions of conventional pion/kaon decay beams, such as off-axis beams or low-energy super-beams, have been considered. These could yield first observations of $\nu_\mu \to \nu_e$ transitions at the atmospheric frequency, which have not yet been observed, and a first measurement of $\theta_{13}$. Experiments with much better flux control can be envisaged if the neutrinos are obtained from the decays of stored particles. One such possibility is the concept of beta beams provided by the decays of radioactive nuclei, that has been developed within the context of these studies. These would provide a pure (anti-)electron-neutrino beam of a few hundred MeV, and beautiful complementarity with a high-intensity, low-energy conventional beam, enabling experimental probes of T violation as well as CP violation. Ultimately, a definitive and complete set of measurements would offered by a Neutrino Factory based on a muon storage ring. This powerful machine offers the largest reach for CP violation, even for very small values of $\theta_{13}$.