Archaeological sites as Distributed Long-term Observing Networks of the Past (DONOP)
Archaeological sites as Distributed Long-term Observing Networks of the Past (DONOP)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2018.04.016
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
George Hambrecht;C. Anderung;Seth Brewington;A. Dugmore;R. Edvardsson;F. Feeley;Kevin Gibbons;R. Harrison;Megan Hicks;Rowan Jackson;G. Ólafsdóttir;M. Rockman;K. Śmiarowski;R. Streeter;V. Szabo;T. Mcgovern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
George Hambrecht;C. Anderung;Seth Brewington;A. Dugmore;R. Edvardsson;F. Feeley;Kevin Gibbons;R. Harrison;Megan Hicks;Rowan Jackson;G. Ólafsdóttir;M. Rockman;K. Śmiarowski;R. Streeter;V. Szabo;T. Mcgovern
考古记录提供了一个独特的直接数据来源，说明人类与环境的长期相互作用，并提供了受不同程度人类影响的生态系统样本。来自考古遗址的分布式长期数据集为建立地方，区域和大陆规模的环境基线做出了重大贡献，并可用于了解人类决策的含义及其对环境和资源的影响。更深的时间环境基线对于资源和环境管理者恢复生物多样性和建立枯竭生态系统的复原力至关重要。人类活动可能会产生影响，通过生态位建设等过程减少多样性，从而重新组织生态系统结构。这使得考古遗址的数据成为管理当代和未来气候变化情景的关键资产，因为它们结合了有关人类行为，环境基线和生物系统的联合收割机信息。这类地点共同组成了过去的分布式长期观测网络（多诺普），允许在空间和时间上评估人类行为和环境影响。行为观点是从人类行动的直接证据中获得的，以应对环境的机会和变化。基线视角是从物种、地貌和生态的数据中获得的，这些数据的时间尺度远远早于我们通常最近的数据集，这些数据集只记录已经被人类干扰的系统。生物学观点也可以为现代管理者提供必要的数据，以了解和利用过去的多样性（即，营养和/或遗传）作为揭示和潜在地纠正我们当代野生和家养动物种群中的弱点的一种方式。
Archaeological records provide a unique source of direct data on long-term human-environment interactions and samples of ecosystems affected by differing degrees of human impact. Distributed long-term datasets from archaeological sites provide a significant contribution to establish local, regional, and continental-scale environmental baselines and can be used to understand the implications of human decision-making and its impacts on the environment and the resources it provides for human use. Deeper temporal environmental baselines are essential for resource and environmental managers to restore biodiversity and build resilience in depleted ecosystems. Human actions are likely to have impacts that reorganize ecosystem structures by reducing diversity through processes such as niche construction. This makes data from archaeological sites key assets for the management of contemporary and future climate change scenarios because they combine information about human behavior, environmental baselines, and biological systems. Sites of this kind collectively form Distributed Long-term Observing Networks of the Past (DONOP), allowing human behavior and environmental impacts to be assessed over space and time. Behavioral perspectives are gained from direct evidence of human actions in response to environmental opportunities and change. Baseline perspectives are gained from data on species, landforms, and ecology over timescales that long predate our typically recent datasets that only record systems already disturbed by people. Biological perspectives can also provide essential data for modern managers wanting to understand and utilize past diversity (i.e., trophic and/or genetic) as a way of revealing, and potentially correcting, weaknesses in our contemporary wild and domestic animal populations.