Exploring diagonal gait using a forward dynamic three-dimensional chimpanzee simulation.
Exploring diagonal gait using a forward dynamic three-dimensional chimpanzee simulation.
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使用前向动态三维黑猩猩模拟探索对角步态。
DOI：
10.1159/000351562
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sellers WI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sellers WI
灵长类动物在陆地四足哺乳动物中是不寻常的，因为在步行速度下，它们更喜欢对角而不是横向步态。人们提出了许多与现代灵长类的树栖祖先有关的原因：稳定性，能量消耗，神经控制，骨骼负荷和肢体干扰避免。然而，这是一个很难通过实验探索的问题，因为大多数灵长类动物只是偶尔使用对角线步态以外的其他步态。另一种方法是产生生物逼真的灵长类动物步态的计算机模拟，使生物力学负载的限制和能量的不同模式的运动进行探索。在本文中，我们描述了这样一个模型的黑猩猩-潘troglodytes。该模拟能够产生自发的四足运动，并且所产生的脚步序列在横向和对角脚步序列之间被分割，没有与任一选项相关联的明显的能量益处。然而，在10个成功的模拟运行，5个是横向序列/横向对步态，表明一个特定的横向脚步序列的偏好与一个相对严格的限制之间的相位差前肢和后肢。这表明，黑猩猩对角步行步态的选择不是一个简单的机械现象，灵长类动物对角步行步态是由多种因素选择的。
Primates are unusual among terrestrial quadrupedal mammals in that at walking speeds they prefer diagonal rather than lateral gaits. A number of reasons have been proposed for this preference in relation to the arboreal ancestry of modern primates: stability, energetic cost, neural control, skeletal loading, and limb interference avoiding. However, this is a difficult question to explore experimentally since most primates only occasionally use anything other than diagonal gaits. An alternative approach is to produce biologically realistic computer simulations of primate gait that enable the constraints of biomechanical loading and the energetics of different modes of locomotion to be explored. In this paper we describe such a model for the chimpanzeePan troglodytes. The simulation is able to produce spontaneous quadrupedal locomotion, and the footfall sequences generated are split between lateral and diagonal footfall sequences with no obvious energetic benefit associated with either option. However, out of 10 successful simulation runs, 5 were lateral sequence/lateral couplet gaits indicating a preference for a specific lateral footfall sequence with a relatively tightly constrained phase difference between the fore- and hindlimbs. This suggests that the choice of diagonal walking gaits in chimpanzees is not a simple mechanical phenomenon and that diagonal walking gaits in primates are selected for by multiple factors.