Resilience of aquatic net‐spinning caddisfly silk structures to common global stressors
Resilience of aquatic net‐spinning caddisfly silk structures to common global stressors
复制标题
水生网纺石蚕丝结构对全球常见压力源的恢复能力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Daniels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. K. Albertson;M. Daniels
1.土地利用和气候变化造成的两个最常见后果是细微沉积物负荷增加和淡水生态系统的水文状况发生变化。2.虽然越来越多的研究表明，这些应激源可能直接影响群落组成和生物体生理，但关于水生生物产生的生物结构可能会如何反应，人们知之甚少。例如，水栖类昆虫(毛翅目)是一群分布在全球的水生昆虫，它们纺织丝网，它们用来过滤饲料。这些丝网是流动水域中重要的生态工程结构，可以通过改变近床面水流速度来调节沉积物侵蚀、食物颗粒输送，并增强其他大型无脊椎动物的栖息地可用性。3.我们在实验室中进行了两个实验，以评估细颗粒泥沙的增加和干旱对水冷态陆蝇丝质的影响。我们比较了丝线直径、丝线数量、网孔面积和丝线拉伸强度，在这些处理中，丝网暴露在高水平的总悬浮固体中或在气流干燥超过2周的情况下。4.我们发现，竹蝇丝对这两种形式的应力都具有弹性，并保持了其整体结构和抗拉强度。5.我们的发现表明，生物丝结构可能是一种可行的生态系统工程工具，在与泥沙负荷增加和干燥事件相关的短暂干扰之后。卡迪蝇丝可能对各种形式的环境变化具有弹性，对水生群落的恢复具有重要影响。
1. Two of the most common consequences resulting from land use and climate change are increased fine sediment loads and shifts in hydrological regimes in freshwater ecosystems. 2. Although a growing number of studies indicate that these stressors are likely to directly affect community composition and organism physiology, little is known about how biological structures produced by aquatic organisms might respond. For example, hydropsychid caddisflies (Trichoptera) are a group of globally distributed aquatic insects that spin silk mesh nets that they use to filter feed. These silk mesh nets are important ecosystem engineering structures in flowing waters that can regulate sediment erosion, food particle delivery by altering near-bed current velocities, and enhance habitat availability for other macroinvertebrates. 3. We conducted two experiments in laboratory mesocosms to assess the effects of increased fine sediment and drought on hydropsychid caddisfly silk. We compared silk thread diameter, thread count, mesh pore area, and thread tensile strength across treatments in which the silk nets were exposed to high levels of total suspended solids or to stream drying over 2 weeks. 4. We found that caddisfly silk was resilient to both forms of stress and maintained its overall structure and tensile strength. 5. Our findings indicate that biological silk structures may be viable ecosystem engineering tools following short-lived disturbances associated with increased sediment loads and drying events. Caddisfly silk may be resilient to various forms of environmental change, with important consequences for recovery of aquatic communities.