Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Screening and Detection.
Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Screening and Detection.
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用于肺癌筛查和检测的生物标志物。
DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0865
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hanash SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ostrin EJ;Sidransky D;Spira A;Hanash SM
肺癌是世界范围内癌症死亡的主要原因，因为它通常在晚期被发现。自2011年以来，基于低剂量CT扫描的筛查有望将肺癌死亡率降低20%。然而，筛查的有效性受到仅适用于重度吸烟者的高风险人群和CT产生的大量假阳性的限制。生物标志物具有巨大的潜力，可以通过改善肺癌风险，分层阳性CT扫描和分类中等风险肺结节来改善肺癌的早期检测。三种生物标志物检测（Early CDT-Lung、Nodify XL 2、Percepta）已经过广泛验证，可供临床医生使用。作者讨论了这些测试，其临床适用性和局限性，目前正在进行的评估，以及肺癌筛查和检测生物标志物的未来方向。
Lung cancer is the leading worldwide cause of cancer mortality, as it is often detected at an advanced stage. Since 2011, low-dose CT scan-based screening has promised a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality. However, effectiveness of screening has been limited by eligibility only for a high-risk population of heavy smokers and a large number of false positives generated by CT. Biomarkers have tremendous potential to improve early detection of lung cancer by refining lung cancer risk, stratifying positive CT scans, and categorizing intermediate-risk pulmonary nodules. Three biomarker tests (Early CDT-Lung, Nodify XL2, Percepta) have undergone extensive validation and are available to the clinician. The authors discuss these tests, with their clinical applicability and limitations, current ongoing evaluation, and future directions for biomarkers in lung cancer screening and detection.